If the sum n = 1 ∑ ∞ 1 3 n 5 5 5 5 … 5 n times can be represented as B A where A and B are coprime positive integers, find A + B .
Clarifications
The expanded form of above sum is 1 3 5 + 1 3 2 5 5 + 1 3 3 5 5 5 + …
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Same solution here. +1
Begin by taking out the common factor 5 to get
S = 5 ( 1 3 1 + 1 3 2 1 1 + 1 3 3 1 1 1 … )
Now write
1 1 1 … 1 1 1 with n ones as 9 1 0 n − 1
(e.g. 9 1 0 3 − 1 = 9 9 9 9 = 1 1 1 )
and take out the common factor 9 1 to write the sum as
S = 9 5 ( ∑ n = 1 ∞ ( 1 3 n 1 0 n − 1 ) )
Separate the summand into two geometric series to get
S = 9 5 ( ∑ n = 1 ∞ ( ( 1 3 1 0 ) n − ( 1 3 1 ) n ) )
Now use the formula for summing infinite geometric series to get
S = 9 5 ( 1 − 1 3 1 0 1 3 1 0 − 1 − 1 3 1 1 3 1 )
and so
S = 9 5 ( 3 1 0 − 1 2 1 ) = 9 5 1 2 3 9 = 3 6 6 5 = b a
and so
a + b = 6 5 + 3 6 = 1 0 1
Exact same solution.
S = 5 ⋅ ( 1 3 1 + 1 3 2 1 + ⋯ ) + 5 0 ⋅ ( 1 3 2 1 + 1 3 3 1 + ⋯ ) + ⋯ = 5 ⋅ ( 1 + 1 3 1 0 + 1 3 2 1 0 2 + ⋯ ) ⋅ ( 1 3 1 + 1 3 2 1 + ⋯ ) = 5 ⋅ 1 − 1 0 / 1 3 1 ⋅ 1 − 1 / 1 3 1 / 1 3 = 5 ⋅ 3 1 3 ⋅ 1 2 1 = 3 6 6 5 , so that the answer is 6 5 + 3 6 = 1 0 1 .
Exactly same here too. Interesting series.
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S 1 3 S S − 1 3 S S = 1 3 5 + 1 3 2 5 5 + 1 3 3 5 5 5 + … = 1 3 2 5 + 1 3 3 5 5 + 1 3 4 5 5 5 + … = 1 3 1 2 S = 1 3 5 + 1 3 2 5 0 + 1 3 3 5 0 0 + … = 1 3 5 + 1 − 1 3 1 0 1 3 2 5 0 = 1 3 5 + 1 3 × 3 5 0 = 3 5 = 1 2 1 3 ⋅ 3 5 = 3 6 6 5 ⇒ 6 5 + 3 6 = 1 0 1