The function has four positive roots. We are also given that
What is the value of
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After some re-arrangements, we have ( b − a ) ( a + b ) + ( d − c ) ( c + d ) = 2 ( a c − b d ) ⟺ ( b + d ) 2 = ( a + c ) 2 ⟺ b + d = ± ( a + c )
Now notice that all the roots of f ( x ) = x 4 + a x 3 + b x 2 + c x + d are positive. Hence, according to the Descartes' Rule of Signs , we have that a , c are negative and b , d are positive (since the leading coefficient is positive, and the signs have to alternate, we have that a is negative, b is positive, c is negative and d is positive).
This leads us to the conclusion that b + d = − ( a + c ) ⟺ a + b + c + d = 0 ⟺ ( a + b + c + d ) 2 = 0