Differences of 2 squares.

Level 1

If the difference between 2 square numbers, X squared and Y squared, is 2018, find the sum of X and Y.

This problem is impossible 128 None of the above positive integers 74 96

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1 solution

Jordan Cahn
Sep 27, 2018

2018 = x 2 y 2 = ( x y ) ( x + y ) \begin{aligned} 2018 &= x^2 - y^2 \\ &= (x-y)(x+y) \end{aligned}

The prime factorization of 2018 is 2018 = 2 × 1009 2018=2\times 1009 . Since x x and y y are both integers, there are two cases:

  • x y = 1 x-y=1 , x + y = 2018 x+y=2018 : In this case, x x and y y are consecutive, so one is even and one is odd. But their sum, 2018 2018 , is even, a contradiction.
  • x y = 2 x-y=2 , x + y = 1009 x+y=1009 : In this case, we have the opposite problem. Because their difference is 2 2 , x x and y y are either both even or both odd. But their sum, 1009 1009 , is odd, again a contradiction.

So there are no integers x x and y y that satisfy x 2 y 2 = 2018 x^2-y^2 = 2018 .

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