Distribution Substation

Note: This problem is meant to be very easy, but there is a lot of text just to provide background

A three-phase distribution substation steps voltage down from 69 kV 69 \, \text{kV} to 12.5 kV 12.5 \, \text{kV} . These voltages are AC, RMS, line-to-line. The unit kV \text{kV} denotes one thousand volts.

The step-down transformer passes a total three-phase apparent power of 28 MVA = 28 × 1 0 6 V A 28 \, \text{MVA} = 28 \times 10^6 \, VA , where "VA" stands for "volt-amperes". A single-line diagram is shown for convenience.

Five identical 12.5 kV 12.5 \, \text{kV} distribution feeders are fed from a common bus on the low-voltage side of the transformer. Assuming the transformer to be lossless for simplicity, each distribution feeder takes one fifth of the total apparent power flowing through the transformer.

The following expression relates the total three-phase apparent power S S on each feeder to the feeder line-to-line voltage V L L V_{LL} and per-phase feeder current I L I_L .

S = 3 V L L I L S = \sqrt{3} \, V_{LL} \, I_L

Note that the units of S S in the equation are volt-amperes, the units for V L L V_{LL} are volts RMS, and the units for I L I_L are amps RMS. All quantities in the equation are scalars (real numbers). A current of magnitude I L I_L flows in each of the three phases.

For each feeder, what is the value of I L I_L ?


The answer is 258.65.

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1 solution

Chew-Seong Cheong
Mar 19, 2019

Assuming no loss at the transformer, each of the feeders get a fifth of the total apparent power. That is S = 3 V L L I L = 28 × 1 0 6 5 S = \sqrt 3 {\color{#3D99F6}V_{LL}}I_L = \dfrac {28 \times 10^6}5 I L = 28 × 1 0 6 5 3 × 12.5 × 1 0 3 258.653 A \implies I_L = \dfrac {28 \times 10^6}{5\sqrt 3\times \color{#3D99F6}12.5 \times 10^3} \approx \boxed{258.653} \text{ A} .

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