What is the probability that a Random Integer between a Random Integer between 1 and 10 and a random integer between 1 and 10 is equal to a Random integer between 1 and 10?
In a different notation, what is the probability that the below statement is true?
All "betweens" are inclusive.
Random means each integer has an equal chance of being selected.
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Let A be a stochastic variables taking values on the set { 1 , … , 1 0 } .
The definition of A as "pick random between (pick random between 1 and 10) and (pick random between 1 and 10)" is awkward, but as we see it doesn't matter!
Let X ∼ u ( 1 , … , 1 0 ) be the uniform distribution on the same set, independent of A . Now the probability asked for is P ( X = A ) = n = 1 ∑ 1 0 P ( X = n ∧ A = n ) = n = 1 ∑ 1 0 P ( X = n ) P ( A = n ) = n = 1 ∑ 1 0 1 0 1 P ( A = n ) = 1 0 1 n = 1 ∑ 1 0 P ( A = n ) = 1 0 1 ⋅ 1 = 1 0 1 . Here we used respectively the independence of A and X , and the uniformity of X .