Find the sum of all primes p such that both 2 p + 1 and 4 p − 1 are primes
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Excellent! :D
I got 9 and 13 but didnt saw that it was asking for primes so 13
Let us suppose that 4 p − 1 > 3 . Then either 4 p − 1 = 3 k + 1 or 4 p − 1 = 3 k + 2 for some k ≥ 1 k being a natural number.
Case 1: 4 p − 1 = 3 k + 1
Then we have p = 1 2 k + 4 + 1 = 1 2 k + 5 .But then 2 p + 1 = 2 1 2 k + 6 = 6 k + 3 = 3 ( 2 k + 1 ) . Clearly 3 k + 1 > 1 because of our definition of k which is atleast 1. Thus 2 p + 1 is divisible by 3 and hence not a prime.
Case 2: 4 p − 1 = 3 k + 2
Then p = 1 2 k + 9 = 3 ( 4 k + 3 ) . Again, p is divisible by 3 as 4 k + 3 > 1 and hence p is not a prime.
Thus p is neither of the form 3 k + 1 or 3 k + 2 . Therefore 4 p − 1 is not greater than 3 . This leaves us 2 choices of 4 p − 1 , namely, 4 p − 1 = 2 or 4 p − 1 = 3 . But 4 p − 1 = 2 implies p = 9 which is not a prime. Lastly 4 p − 1 = 3 implies p = 1 3 . Indeed, 2 p + 1 = 7 which is also a prime. Thus p = 1 3 is the only solution and hence the answer is 1 3 .
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Since they are 3 consecutive positive integers, one of p − 1 , p , p + 1 must be divisible by 3. The number which is divisible by 3 will only be prime if it is 3 itself. Therefore the only possible solutions can be when either 2 p + 1 = 3 or 4 p − 1 = 3 or p = 3 . The first case implies that p = 5 but this would mean 4 p − 1 = 1 which is not prime. The second case implies that p = 1 3 , which does in fact yield a solution. The final case implies 4 p − 1 = 2 1 which is most definitely not a prime. Therefore the sole solution (and thus sum of all solutions) is 1 3