The sum of all five digit numbers that can be formed using the digits 1,2,3,4 and 5 (repetition of digits not allowed)is x.Find x.
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I actually didn't know that formula, yet I ended up finding out the correct answer. What I did was that I realized that if you find the largest possible number (54321) you can make with the digits and the smallest possible number (12345) and then find the midpoint of the two numbers (33333), you can multiply this by the possible number of digit permutations (5! = 120) to find the answer (3999960). Is this a legitimate way to solving these problems or was it just sheer luck?
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My friend you are absolutely correct . ^_^ You can solve problems like this by your way also.
Assume that the first number is 1 ,
the second number has 4 probabilities ( 5 , 4 , 3 and 2 ), then
the third number has 3 probability left, then
the forth number has 2 probability left, then
the last number has 1 probability left.
⇒ the numbers of five digits numbers that starts with 1 is 4 ∗ 3 ∗ 2 ∗ 1 = 2 4 . (Similarly, we can prove that the numbers of five digits numbers that starts with 2 , 3 , 4 and 5 is also 2 4 .)
By the same way, we can prove that the number 1 appears at other digits 2 4 times. (And also the other numbers.)
When we add all the five digit numbers that can be formed using the digits 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 and 5 , every digits is added 2 4 times.
Therefore, the sum of all five digit numbers that can be formed using the digits 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 and 5 (repetition of digits is not included)is
2 4 ∗ ( 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 ) ∗ 1 1 1 1 1 = 2 4 ∗ 1 5 ∗ 1 1 1 1 1 = 3 6 0 ∗ 1 1 1 1 1 = 3 9 9 9 9 6 0 .
Imagine writing all the possible numbers in a list like
12345
12354
12435
...
There are exactly 4! numbers in which the digit 1 is in the first place, and 4! as well where the digit is in 2. place and so on. Same goes for the other digits. Therefore adding all these numbers place by place we get ( 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 ) ∗ 4 ! + ( 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 ) ∗ 4 ! ∗ 1 0 + ( 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 ) ∗ 4 ! ∗ 1 0 2 + ( 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 ) ∗ 4 ! ∗ 1 0 3 + ( 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 ) ∗ 4 ! ∗ 1 0 4 = 3 9 9 9 9 6 0
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We can use formula ,
b a × ( s u m o f d i g i t s ) × ( 1 1 1 . . . ‘ b ′ t i m e s )
Where:
a =Number of numbers that can be formed.
b =number of digits
Thus by calculating,
5 5 ! × 1 5 × 1 1 1 1 1 = 3 9 9 9 9 6 0