Don't get stepped on

The mass of an elephant can be many thousands of kilograms and their feet can be over a meter around. If a 6000 kg 6000~\mbox{kg} elephant is standing and its feet each have a circumference of 1.34 m 1.34~\mbox{m} , how much pressure in pascals does one foot exert on the ground? The pressure, for those who may be unaware, is the total force exerted divided by the area over which the force is exerted, i.e. p = F / A p=F/A .

Details and assumptions

  • The acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 m/s 2 -9.8~\mbox{m/s}^2 .
  • You may assume the weight is distributed evenly between the four feet.


The answer is 102877.

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18 solutions

Ansari Afzal
Jul 28, 2013

First of all calculate the radius of the feet of the elephant using the formula 2 pi r=1.34 m, and then find out area of the feet by pi r^2. now calculate the weight of elephant,mg=6000 9.8 Newton, this will be uniformly distributed over four legs and hence effective mass on one leg will be total mass/4. devide this wieght(force) by contact area(area of the elephant's feet) and get the result.

force exerted by elephant=9.8 x 6000=58800 area in which force is distributed=4 x area of 1 foot pi x d=1.34 (d=diameter of a foot)&&(pi=3.14)
so (((pi x d)^2)/4 x pi)=area of 1 foot((pi x (d^2))/4) area of 4 foot=4 (((pi d)^2)/4*pi)=((((1.34)^2) / 3.14))=0.571557 preasure=force/area=58800/0.571557=102877

Cindy Wang
Jul 28, 2013

From p = F/A, we know that we have to find 2 values, the total force exerted by the elephant's feet and the total area of the elephant's feet.

From Newton's Second Law of Motion, F = ma Also, from Newton's Third Law of Motion, For every action force, there must be an equal but opposite reaction force. Thus, total force exerted by the elephant's feet which is supporting the elephant is F = 6000 x 9.8 = 58800 N

Then, we proceed to find the area of the elephant's feet. Circumference of foot: (pi) (2r) = 1.34m Radius of foot: r = 0.21326762374 m Area of 4 feet: 4 (pi) (r)^2 = 0.57155723161 m^2

Thus, by p = F/A, Pressure that one elephant foot exerts on the ground = p = 58800 / 0.57155723161 = 102876.8 Pa = 102877 Pa (Nearest whole number)

Mass of the elephant = 6000 kg

Weight = m g mg = 6000 X 9.8 = 58800 N N

Let the radius of each of the elephant's foot be r r

Circumference of each foot = 2 π \pi r = 1.34m Therefore, r = 0.213267 m

Area of each foot = π \pi r 2 r^{2} = 0.14288 m 2 m^{2}

Total area = 4 X 0.14288 = 0.57155 m 2 m^{2}

Pressure = 58800 0.57155 \frac{58800}{0.57155} = 102878.2

Prince Raiyan
Jul 26, 2013

We know that, F = m a W = m g F=ma \Longrightarrow W=mg

Plugging in the mass 6000 k g 6000 kg and the acceleration of gravity 9.8 m / s 2 9.8 m/s^{2} , we get,

6000 k g × 9.8 m / s 2 = 58800 N 6000 kg \times 9.8 m/s^{2} = 58800 N

We assume that, the weight is distributed evenly between the four feet... So, the amount of force one foot exerts is, 58800 N 4 = 14700 N \frac {58800 N}{4} = 14700 N

So, we found one of the value, F F , needed to find the pressure...

Next, it's given that the circumference of one foot is 1.34 m 1.34m ...

We can rewrite, 2 π r = 1.34 m r = 1.34 2 π m = 0.67 π m 2 \pi r=1.34 m \Longrightarrow r = \frac {1.34}{2 \pi}m = \frac {0.67}{\pi}m

Now, we work out the area, π r 2 = π × ( 0.67 π ) 2 m 2 = π × 0.4489 π 2 m 2 = 0.4489 π m 2 \pi r^2 = \pi \times (\frac {0.67}{\pi})^2 m^2 = \pi \times \frac {0.4489}{\pi ^2}m^2 = \frac {0.4489}{\pi}m^2

OK, now we have both of the two values to find the pressure... Let's plug in...

p = F A = 14700 N 0.4489 π m 2 = 14700 π 0.4489 k g / m = 102877 k g / m p= \frac {F}{A} = \frac {14700 N}{\frac {0.4489}{\pi}m^2}= \frac {14700 \pi}{0.4489}kg/m=102877 kg/m (approx.)

Hence, the required value is 102877 \fbox {102877} ...

Dani Chen
Jul 25, 2013

Solve using (6000/4*9.8) / ((1.34 / pi / 2)^2 * pi) aka the p = F / A formula

A = the area of a circle, given the circumference of each feet

F = mass (acceleration), given the mass of each foot (6000/4) and gravity.

Eric Zhang
Jul 25, 2013

I converted the kilograms to Newtons, divided by the total area of the feet combined, then divided by 4.

Sagar Chand
Jul 25, 2013

r=(1.34/(2)*(pi))

area of one foot=(pi) (r) (r)

net area = (4) (pi) (r)*(r)

net force = (m)*(g)

pressure=net force/netarea=(mg)/((pi) (r) (r))=102877

Santanu Banerjee
Jul 24, 2013

Given for one foot: 2( 3.14 ) r = 1.34.........Curcumference

Thus: 3.14 ( r ^ 2 ) = 0.1428893.......................Area of Single Foot

Thus Total Area = 0.571557231.......................Area of all 4 feet

Force=Mass*Acceleration

=> 6000 * 9.8

Thus Pressure=F/A

=> 6000 * 9.8 / 0.571557231

Answer=102877 Pascal

Yash Kumar Gupta
Jul 24, 2013

Circumference = 2 pie r = 1.34 from here we got the value of 'r' . Then Area =4 pie r^2 [multiplied 4 because it has four legs ;) ] !!! Force=m a = 6000 9.8 !! so Pressure = F/A DONE :D Please ask if any doubt !!!!

Samiur Rahman Mir
Jul 23, 2013

With given circumference , find the area of each foot . Then calculating the gravitational force (mass x acceleration due to gravity) divide it by the area . Here we get the pressure on each foot .

Shamsur Rahim
Jul 23, 2013

We know, circumference = 2 pi r = 1.34m so r= 0.213; Area of circle(are of each leg), A= pi r r; And F=ma , where m=mass, a=gravity; So force exerted by four leg, x =F/A; SO force exerted by four leg, p= x/4 ; which is 102877.396

Mohammad Saad
Jul 22, 2013

Since Pressure = Force / Area, we can find force to be the weight of the entire elephant , which is 6000 × 9.8 = 58800 N 6000 \times 9.8 = 58800 N

Then we can find the area that elephant is standing on, which is circular, to be ( 1.34 2 P i ) 2 × P i = 0.142889 m 2 (\frac {1.34}{2Pi})^{2} \times Pi = 0.142889 m^{2}

Divide the force by the area to find:

58800 0.142889 = 411507 P a \frac{58800}{0.142889} = 411507 Pa

However, since the question asks for the pressure of one foot on the ground, we must divide by 4 to find that the answer is:

411507 4 = 102877 P a \frac{411507}{4} = 102877 Pa

David Nolasco
Jul 22, 2013

As stated, we compute for the pressure which is the Force over the Area.

Solving for the Force, it is simply the product of the mass and the acceleration (in this case the gravity) so F = m a = 6000 kg \times 9.8 m s 2 \frac{m}{s^{2}} = 58800 N

For the Area, it is simply π r 2 r^{2} , since we are given the circumference we can solve for r: We get r = C 2 π \frac{C}{2π} = 1.34 m 2 π \frac{1.34m}{2π} = 0.21 m

So the Area is given by: A = π ( 0.2 1 2 0.21^{2} ) = 0.14 m^{2}

Then the total Pressure is given by: p = F A \frac{F}{A} = 58800 N 0.14 m 2 \frac{58800 N}{0.14 m^{2}} = 411507 N m 2 \frac{N}{m^{2}}

F = m * g = 6000 x 9.8

We know that, elephant has 4 legs.. Because of that : The circumference of elephant's leg = 2 x 3.14 x r = 1.34

r = 1.34 / ( 2 x 3.14 )

So : A = 4 x ( 3.14 x r ^2)

So that, P = F/A = 102877

Edsel Salariosa
Jul 22, 2013

1KG=9.81 NEWTON 6000KGX9.81 NEWTON=58860 NEWTON 58860/4=14715 NEWTON FOR EACH LEG CIRCUMFERENCE= 3.1415XD 1.34=3.1415XD DIAMETER=0.427 METER AREA=3.1415/4X(0.427)^2 AREA=0.143 M^2 p=f/a p=14715 newton/(3.1415/4x(0.427)^2=102757.762 pascal or 102.902 kpa

Ayon Pal
Jul 21, 2013

There F(force) = 6000 9.8 6000*9.8 = 58800 58800 k g . m / s 2 kg.m/s^2 ;

Radius of the 1 feet of the elephant = r r = 1.34 7 / 2 22 1.34*7/2*22 = 0.2131 0.2131 cm ;

Area of 1 feet of the elephant = 22 0.213 1 2 / 7 22*0.2131^2/7 = 0.1426 0.1426 c m 2 cm^2 ;

So, A(area of 4 feet) = 4 0.1426 4 * 0.1426 = \(0.571)\ cm^2

Then F/A = \(58800/0.571\) = 10877.2329 10877.2329 p

ans will b 102797

Shamsur Rahim - 7 years, 10 months ago

there is a typing mistake i want to write 102877.2329 102877.2329 p instead of 10877.2329 10877.2329 p

Ayon Pal - 7 years, 10 months ago
Adeetya Tantia
Jul 21, 2013

F = mg = 6000 9.8 Area= pi * r^2 where 2 pi* r =1.34 from this area = 0.14288 m^2 therefore P=F/A P=6000*9.8/0.14288 But this is the pressure exerted by all 4 feet, to get pressure for one feet we divide the total pressure by 4.

Therefore P= (6000*9.8/0.14288)/4 P =102883.5386

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