A calculus problem by Mark Recio

Calculus Level 3

x = 1 e 3 × 3 x x ! \large \sum_{x = 1}^{\infty} \cfrac{e^{-3} \times 3^x}{x!}

Find the value of the closed form of the above series to 3 decimal places.


The answer is 0.95021.

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2 solutions

Mark Recio
Jan 31, 2017

Let's say, an encoder makes an average of three errors per page. Assume the number of errors per page has the Poisson distribution, the probability that at least one error will be found is:

p ( x = X ) = e λ × λ X X ! λ = 3 x = 1 e 3 × 3 x x ! = 1 p ( x = 0 ) (Note: the complement of the probability getting no error is the probability of getting at least one error.) = 1 e 3 × 3 0 0 ! = 1 0.04979 = 0.95021 . p (x = X) = \cfrac{e^{-\lambda} \times \lambda ^{X}}{X!} \\ \lambda = 3 \\ \implies \sum_{x = 1}^{\infty} \cfrac{e^{-3} \times 3^x}{x!} = 1 - p (x = 0) \\ \text{(Note: the complement of the probability getting no error is the probability of getting at least one error.)} \\ = 1 - \cfrac{e^{-3} \times 3^0}{0!} \\ = 1 - 0.04979 \\ = \boxed{0.95021} \ .

Chew-Seong Cheong
Jan 31, 2017

S = x = 1 e 3 3 x x ! = 1 e 3 ( x = 0 3 x x ! 3 0 0 ! ) = 1 e 3 ( e 3 1 ) = 1 1 e 3 0.95021 \begin{aligned} S & = \sum_{x=1}^\infty \frac {e^{-3}3^x}{x!} \\ & = \frac 1{e^3} \left(\sum_{\color{#D61F06}x=0}^\infty \frac {3^x}{x!} - \frac {3^0}{0!} \right) \\ & = \frac 1{e^3} \left(e^3 - 1 \right) \\ & = 1 - \frac 1{e^3} \\ & \approx \boxed{0.95021} \end{aligned}

You use the Maclaurin Series of e x e^x right sir? :)

Christian Daang - 4 years, 4 months ago

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