The cube in the figure is made of 12 wire segments of 1 Ω resistance each.
Find the overall resistance between vertices A and B .
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Using the symmetry of the cube with respect to side A B , we can deduce that there are five different intensities (colors) we have to relate.
We now apply Kirchhoff's laws of nodes and closed loops to build enough equations to find them:
Node A: Node N: Node P: Loop NPQM: Loop ANMB: I T I 2 I 5 I 3 I 1 = = = = = I 1 + 2 I 2 I 3 + I 4 2 I 4 2 I 4 + I 5 2 I 2 + I 3
We get: I 5 = 2 I 4 ; I 3 = 4 I 4 ; I 2 = 5 I 4 ; I 1 = 1 4 I 4 ; I T = 2 4 I 4
R = I T V A B = I T 1 Ω ⋅ I 1 = 2 4 I 4 1 4 I 4 = 1 2 7 Ω
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Label the cube circuit as shown in the left figure. By symmetry, the three vertices adjacent to A , C ′ and C ′ ′ have the same voltage with respect to A and B . Therefore, C ′ and C ′ ′ can be considered as a point C . Similarly, the three vertices adjacent to B , D ′ and D ′ ′ can be considered as a point D . Then the equivalent circuit of the cube circuit is as the right figure. And the resultant resistance between A and B is given by:
R A B = ( r A C + r C D + r D B ) ∣ ∣ r A B = ( 1 ∣ ∣ 1 + 1 ∣ ∣ ( 1 ∣ ∣ 1 + 1 + 1 ∣ ∣ 1 ) ∣ ∣ 1 + 1 ∣ ∣ 1 ) ∣ ∣ 1 = ( 2 1 + 1 ∣ ∣ ( 2 1 + 1 + 2 1 ) ∣ ∣ 1 + 2 1 ) ∣ ∣ 1 = ( 2 1 + 1 ∣ ∣ 2 ∣ ∣ 1 + 2 1 ) ∣ ∣ 1 = ( 2 1 + 5 2 + 2 1 ) ∣ ∣ 1 = 5 7 ∣ ∣ 1 = 5 7 + 1 5 7 × 1 ≈ 0 . 5 8 3