Dynamic Geometry: P6

Geometry Level 4

The diagram shows a black curve y = x y=\sqrt{x} and a blue square moving so that it's tangent to the curve and to the line y = 0 y=0 . As the square is moving, its center (cyan) is following the path of a pink curve from the origin to a green vertical segment. When the center touches the green segment, the area of the square is equal to 9 4 \dfrac{9}{4} . The area bounded by the pink curve, the green segment and the line y = 0 y=0 can be expressed as a b \dfrac{a}{b} where a a and b b are coprime positive integers. Find a + b a+b .


The answer is 77.

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1 solution

Jeff Giff
Feb 3, 2021

Let the point A A that represents the bottom-left angle of the square be ( k , 0 ) (k,0) . Then the coordinates of the cyan point is ( k + k 2 , k 2 ) . (k+\frac{\sqrt{k}}{2} ,\frac{\sqrt{k}}{2}). When the cyan point touches the green segment, S = 9 4 S_{\square}=\frac{9}{4} , implying ( k ) 2 = 9 4 (\sqrt{k} )^2 =\frac{9}{4} . This solves to k = 9 4 k=\frac{9}{4} . The integral is therefore S I = k = 0 k = 9 4 y d x = 0 9 4 y d x d k d k = 0 9 4 k 2 ( 1 + 1 4 k ) = 0 9 4 k 2 + 1 8 = 1 3 k 3 2 + 1 8 k 0 9 4 = 45 32 . S_{I} =\int ^{k=\frac{9}{4}} _{k=0} y~dx =\int ^{\frac{9}{4}} _0 y \frac{dx}{dk} dk= \int ^{\frac{9}{4}} _0 \frac{\sqrt{k}}{2} (1+\frac{1}{4\sqrt{k}})=\int ^{\frac{9}{4}} _0 \frac{\sqrt{k}}{2}+\frac{1}{8} =\left. \frac{1}{3} k^\frac{3}{2} +\frac{1}{8} k \right |^\frac{9}{4} _0 =\frac{45}{32}.
Hence we input 45 + 32 = 77 45+32=77 as the solution.

Thank you for posting !

Valentin Duringer - 4 months, 1 week ago

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