and a blue square moving so that it's tangent to the curve and to the line . As the square is moving, its center (cyan) is following the path of a pink curve from the origin to a green vertical segment. When the center touches the green segment, the area of the square is equal to . The area bounded by the pink curve, the green segment and the line can be expressed as where and are coprime positive integers. Find .
The diagram shows a black curve
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Let the point A that represents the bottom-left angle of the square be ( k , 0 ) . Then the coordinates of the cyan point is ( k + 2 k , 2 k ) . When the cyan point touches the green segment, S □ = 4 9 , implying ( k ) 2 = 4 9 . This solves to k = 4 9 . The integral is therefore S I = ∫ k = 0 k = 4 9 y d x = ∫ 0 4 9 y d k d x d k = ∫ 0 4 9 2 k ( 1 + 4 k 1 ) = ∫ 0 4 9 2 k + 8 1 = 3 1 k 2 3 + 8 1 k ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ 0 4 9 = 3 2 4 5 .
Hence we input 4 5 + 3 2 = 7 7 as the solution.