"Easier Than It Looks"

Calculus Level 1

Calculate

lim x 0 1 x 4 0 x sin t 3 d t \lim_{x \to 0} \frac 1{x^4} \int_0^x \sin t^3\ dt


The answer is 0.25.

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2 solutions

Chew-Seong Cheong
Feb 12, 2020

L = lim x 0 0 x sin t 3 d t x 4 A 0/0 case, L’H o ˆ pital’s rule applies = lim x 0 sin x 3 4 x 3 Differentiate up and down w.r.t. x = 1 4 = 0.25 Since lim u 0 sin u u = 1 by L’H o ˆ pital’s rule. \begin{aligned} L & = \lim_{x \to 0} \frac {\int_0^x \sin t^3 \ dt}{x^4} & \small \blue{\text{A 0/0 case, L'Hôpital's rule applies}} \\ & = \lim_{x \to 0} \frac {\sin x^3}{4x^3} & \small \blue{\text{Differentiate up and down w.r.t. }x} \\ & = \frac 14 = \boxed{0.25} & \small \blue{\text{Since }\lim_{u \to 0} \frac {\sin u}u = 1 \text{ by L'Hôpital's rule.}} \end{aligned}


Reference: L'Hôpital's rule

Chris Lewis
Feb 12, 2020

Using the usual series expansion of sine, we have sin t 3 = t 3 + O ( t 9 ) \sin t^3 = t^3 + \mathcal{O} \left(t^9\right) . Hence the numerator is just 1 4 x 4 + O ( x 10 ) \frac14 x^4 + \mathcal{O} \left( x^{10} \right) . Dividing through by x 4 x^4 , we have to find the limit of 1 4 + O ( x 6 ) \frac14+\mathcal{O}\left(x^6\right) as x 0 x \to 0 , which is clearly 1 4 \boxed{\frac14} .

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