Division Throughout

Calculus Level 4

lim n r = 1 n n r × ( 3 r + 4 n ) 2 \lim_{n \to \infty} \sum_{r=1}^n \dfrac{ \sqrt{n}}{ \sqrt{r} \times(3\sqrt{r} + 4\sqrt{n})^{2}}

If the series above can be stated in terms of a b \frac a b where a , b a,b are coprime positive integers, find a + b a+b .

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The answer is 15.

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1 solution

Rewrite the limit/sum as

lim n ( 1 n r = 1 n 1 r n ( 4 + 3 r n ) 2 ) . \displaystyle\lim_{n \rightarrow \infty} \left( \dfrac{1}{n} \sum_{r=1}^{n} \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{r}{n}} (4 + 3\sqrt{\frac{r}{n}})^{2}} \right).

We can then see that this is a right-hand Riemann approximation of the integral

0 1 1 x ( 4 + 3 x ) 2 d x . \displaystyle\int_{0}^{1} \dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}(4 + 3\sqrt{x})^{2}} dx.

As the integrand is Riemann integrable, our limit will be equal to this definite integral.

To solve this integral, let u = 4 + 3 x . u = 4 + 3\sqrt{x}. Then d u = 3 2 x d x d x x = 2 3 d u . du = \dfrac{3}{2\sqrt{x}} dx \Longrightarrow \dfrac{dx}{\sqrt{x}} = \dfrac{2}{3} du. Also, as x x goes from 0 0 to 1 1 we have u u going from 4 4 to 7. 7. The integral then becomes

2 3 4 7 1 u 2 d u = 2 3 ( 1 u ) 4 7 = 2 3 ( 1 7 + 1 4 ) = 2 3 × 3 28 = 1 14 . \dfrac{2}{3} \displaystyle\int_{4}^{7} \dfrac{1}{u^{2}} du = \dfrac{2}{3} \left( -\dfrac{1}{u} \right)_{4}^{7} = \dfrac{2}{3} \left( -\dfrac{1}{7} + \dfrac{1}{4} \right) = \dfrac{2}{3} \times \dfrac{3}{28} = \dfrac{1}{14}.

Thus a + b = 1 + 14 = 15 . a + b = 1 + 14 = \boxed{15}.

Nice solution sir +1 !

Btw , how fast do you type ?

A Former Brilliant Member - 6 years, 2 months ago

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Thanks. Nice problem. :) As for typing speed, not very fast. I'm quite familiar with LaTeX now, but it still takes time since everything has to be just right.

Brian Charlesworth - 6 years, 2 months ago

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