A number theory problem by Ikhwan Norazam

Find the least positive integer n n such that no matter how 1 0 n 10^{n} is expressed as the product of any two positive integers, at least one of these two integers contains the digit 0 0 .

8 10 9 7

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1 solution

Ikhwan Norazam
Dec 13, 2017

If a factor of 1 0 n 10^{n} has a 2 2 and a 5 5 in its prime factorization, then that factor will end in a 0 0 . Therefore, we have left to consider the case when the two factors have the 2 2 s and the 5 5 s separated, in other words whether 2 n 2^n or 5 n 5^n produces a 0 first.

2 1 = 2 5 1 = 5 2^1 = 2 | 5^1 = 5 2 2 = 4 5 2 = 25 2^2 = 4 | 5 ^ 2 =25 2 3 = 8 5 3 = 125 2^3 = 8 | 5 ^3 = 125 and so on, until,

2 8 = 256 2^8 = 256 | 5 8 = 390625 5^8 = 390625

We see that 5 8 5^8 generates the first zero, so the answer is 008 \boxed{008}

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