A particle of mass
and charge
is placed at
is at rest and free to move . There is a constant and uniform electric field
and a constant and uniform magnetic field is applied at
.
Find the
coordinate made by the particle over all time.
Details and Assumptions
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
There is no gravity
The problem is not original
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Force acting on the charge is
F = q ( E + v × B ) = q ( j ^ ( E − v x B ) + i ^ v y B ) .
So
d t d v x = m q B v y , d t d v y = m q E − m q B v x ⟹ d t 2 d 2 v y = − ( m q B ) 2 v y .
Solution of the last equation is
v y = A sin ( m q B t ) , where A, the amplitude of v y , is the integration constant. The other constant is zero since initial velocity is zero in both the x and the y directions. Since there is no acceleration in the z direction and the initial velocity in this direction is zero, there is no motion along this direction. So,
v x = q B m ( m q E − d t d v y ) = B E − A cos ( m q B t ) .
Since at t = 0 , v x = 0 ,
Therefore A = B E ⟹ v y = B E sin ( m q B t ) ⟹ y = q B 2 m E ( 1 − cos ( m q B t ) )
⟹ y m a x = q B 2 2 m E .
Substituting values, we get y m a x = 0 . 6 4