ElectroMechanics

A ring of radius 0.1 m is made out of a thin metallic wire of area of cross section 1 0 6 m 2 10^{-6} m^{2} . The ring has a uniform charge of π \pi coulombs .

Find the change in radius ( in mm ) of the ring when a charge of 1 0 8 10^{-8} coulomb is placed at the centre of the ring.

Details & Assumptions

  • Young's modulus of the metal 2 × 1 0 11 N / m 2 2 \times 10^{11} N/m^{2}

  • Answer in millimetres


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The answer is 2.25.

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1 solution

Deepanshu Gupta
Jan 5, 2015

Consider an circular arc element of charge on Ring , So when we place an 'Q' charge at the centre of ring Then due to Electrostatic Repulsion b/w charges an Extra Tension is created in Ring . which balance the repulsion b/w them .

K q ( d q ) R 2 = 2 d T sin ( d θ ) sin ( d θ ) d θ d q = Q 2 π R R ( 2 d θ ) d T = K Q q 2 π R 2 . . . ( 1 ) \displaystyle{{ \therefore \quad \cfrac { Kq(dq) }{ { R }^{ 2 } } =2dT\sin { (d\theta ) } \\ \quad \sin { (d\theta ) } \quad \approx \quad d\theta \\ \because \quad dq=\cfrac { Q }{ 2\pi R } R(2d\theta )\quad \quad \\ dT=\cfrac { KQq }{ 2\pi { R }^{ 2 } } \quad .\quad .\quad .\quad (1) }} .

Now due to this extra Tension an Stress is developed in ring which further Cause the Expansion of radius (Due to Strain ) Now Using Hooks Law (By assuming that Young's modulus is so high so that Radius is Expand till Below it's Fracture point)

S t r e s s = Y × S t r a i n \displaystyle{Stress=Y\times Strain} .

d T A = Y × ( 2 π ( R + d R ) 2 π R R ) . . . ( 2 ) \\ \cfrac { dT }{ A } =Y\times (\cfrac { 2\pi (R+dR)-2\pi R }{ R } )\quad .\quad .\quad .(2) .

Using above equation we should get :

d R = K Q q 2 π R A Y \displaystyle{\boxed { dR\quad =\quad \cfrac { KQq }{ 2\pi RAY } } } .

The problem is incorrect. Actually, you also have to consider the field due to the ring itself, which doesn't converge. The potential energy of a uniform distribution on a ring is:

U = 0 2 π 0 2 π k λ 2 R 2 sin ( θ ϕ 2 ) d θ d ϕ U = \displaystyle \int_{0}^{2\pi} \int_{0}^{2 \pi} \dfrac{k \lambda^2 R}{2 \bigg|\sin\big(\frac{\theta - \phi}{2}\big)\bigg|} {\mathrm d \theta} {\mathrm d \phi}

which doesn't converge.

On expansion of ring the internal energy change will be divergent, and hence, the problem is incorrect

jatin yadav - 6 years, 4 months ago

Krishna I had Added an Diagram for Your Question is it ok ?

Deepanshu Gupta - 6 years, 5 months ago

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Thank you very much, nice solution by the way (Y).

Krishna Sharma - 6 years, 5 months ago

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Your welcome friend :)

Deepanshu Gupta - 6 years, 5 months ago

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