Empty Triangle!

Geometry Level 2

The center of gravity of a solid triangle is the point where its medians intersect (its centroid ).

Consider a hollow triangle, A , A, whose sides are made of uniformly dense, thin strings. Let B B be the triangle formed by connecting the midpoints of A . A.

Where is the center of gravity of A ? A?


For reference, here are the other three common triangle centers: circumcenter , incenter , and orthocenter .

Centroid of A A Circumcenter of A A Incenter of A A Orthocenter of A A Circumcenter of B B Incenter of B B Orthocenter of B B

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1 solution

Mark Hennings
Jul 22, 2017

The centre of mass G G of the triangular frame A B C ABC , with line density ρ \rho , is equal to the centre of mass of three point masses ρ a \rho a , ρ b \rho b , ρ c \rho c at the points D , E , F D,E,F respectively, where D , E , F D,E,F are the midpoints of the lines B C , A C , A B BC,AC,AB respectively (here we are simply replacing each side of the triangle by a point particle of the same mass located at the midpoint of each side). \;\; Consider the centre of mass X X of the point masses at E E and F F . This point lies on the line segment E F EF and the ratio E X : X F EX\,:\, XF is equal to c : b c\,:\, b . Since E D = 1 2 c ED = \tfrac12c and F D = 1 2 b FD = \tfrac12b , this is the same as the ratio E D : D F ED\,:\, DF . By the Angle Bisector Theorem, we deduce that X X lies on the angle bisector of E D F \angle EDF . Then G G is the centre of mass of the system consisting of a particle of mass ρ a \rho a at D D and a particle of mass ρ ( b + c ) \rho(b+c) at X X . Thus G G lies on the line segment D X DX , and hence lies on the angle bisector of E D F \angle EDF . Similar arguments tell us that G G lies on the angle bisectors of D E F \angle DEF and D F E \angle DFE as well, and hence that G G is the incentre of D E F DEF .

The centre of mass of a triangular frame A B C ABC is therefore the incentre of the medial triangle. This point is known as the Spieker centre for the triangle A B C ABC .

thank you for helping me understand the problem. I dunno too much because im 10

A Former Brilliant Member - 3 years, 10 months ago

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You're welcome.

Mark Hennings - 3 years, 10 months ago

Why does it give the obvious solution "The centroid of A is in the centroid of A"

Heiko Braun - 3 years, 10 months ago

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The centre of gravity of the triangular frame is not the centroid of the triangle, which is the centre of gravity of the triangular lamina. The question asks for the centre of gravity, not the centroid.

Mark Hennings - 3 years, 10 months ago

thanks 4 help @Heiko Braun and @Mark Hennings

A Former Brilliant Member - 3 years, 10 months ago

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