Equality in random configuration

When n n fair dice are thrown, the probability of obtaining a sum of 2018 2018 and the probability of obtaining a sum of S S are both equal to a positive number p p .

Find the smallest possible value of S S .


The answer is 341.

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1 solution

Mark Hennings
Apr 2, 2018

If n n dice are rolled, the symmetry of the distribution for the total obtained means that the probability of rolling X X is the same as the probability of rolling 7 n X 7n - X (and, moreover, 7 n X 7n-X is the only other value that will be scored with the same probability as X X ). Thus the candidate value for S S is 7 n 2018 7n-2018 . We cannot score 2018 2018 by rolling 336 336 dice or fewer (but we can if we roll between 337 337 and 2018 2018 dice), and so the smallest possible value of n n is 337 337 . To minimize S S , we must minimize n n , and so the answer is 7 × 337 2018 = 341 7\times337 - 2018 = \boxed{341} .

Why 338 is not possible

Anand Badgujar - 3 years, 2 months ago

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338 338 is possible. I said that 336 336 was not possible. This is because 6 × 336 = 2016 < 2018 6\times336=2016<2018 .

Mark Hennings - 3 years, 2 months ago

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