Evaluate

Calculus Level 2

lim n 2 n + 1 + 3 n + 1 2 n + 3 n = ? \large \lim_{n \to \infty} \frac{2^{n+1}+3^{n+1}}{2^n+3^n} = \, ?


The answer is 3.

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2 solutions

Chew-Seong Cheong
May 17, 2017

L = lim n 2 n + 1 + 3 n + 1 2 n + 3 n Dividing up and down by 3 n = lim n 2 n + 1 3 n + 3 n + 1 3 n 2 n 3 n + 3 n 3 n = 0 + 3 0 + 1 = 3 \begin{aligned} L & = \lim_{n \to \infty} \frac {2^{n+1}+3^{n+1}}{2^n+3^n} & \small \color{#3D99F6} \text{Dividing up and down by }3^n \\ & = \lim_{n \to \infty} \frac {\frac {2^{n+1}}{3^n}+\frac {3^{n+1}}{3^n}}{\frac {2^n}{3^n}+\frac {3^n}{3^n}} \\ & = \frac {0+3}{0+1} = \boxed{3} \end{aligned}

Why can't we get 2?

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Because 3 n 2 n 3^n \gg 2^n for large n n so that 3 n + 1 + 2 n + 1 3 n + 2 n 3 n + 1 3 n = 3 \dfrac {3^{n+1} + 2^{n+1}}{3^n+2^n} \approx \dfrac {3^{n+1}}{3^n} = 3

Chew-Seong Cheong - 4 years ago
Suvajyoti Barman
May 17, 2017

If we examine the graph of a^x the slope of 3^x is greater than 2^x and 3^x>>2^x,therefore 2^x can be neglected and left will be 3^{n+1}/3^n. therefore answer is 3. another way,we can apply binomial expansion in (3-1)^{n+1} and (3-1)^n.and then it can be evaluated.

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