Evaluate the integral... and maybe some trig identities

Calculus Level 1

A = 0 4 π 2 tan ( x 2 ) tan 2 ( x 2 ) + 1 d x \large A = \int_0^{4\pi} \frac{2\tan(\frac{x}{2})}{\tan^{2}(\frac{x}{2})+1} dx

What is the value of A A ?

Hint: Maybe this is an over-complicated version of a very basic trigonometry function.


The answer is 0.

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1 solution

Chew-Seong Cheong
Mar 31, 2018

Relevant wiki: Half Angle Tangent Substitution

A = 0 4 π 2 tan x 2 tan 2 x 2 + 1 d x See half-angle tangent substitution. = 0 4 π sin x d x = 2 0 2 π sin x d x = 2 π π sin x d x Note that sin x is an odd function. = 0 \begin{aligned} A & = \int_0^{4\pi} \frac {2\tan \frac x2}{\tan^2 \frac x2 + 1}\ dx & \small \color{#3D99F6} \text{See half-angle tangent substitution.} \\ & = \int_0^{4\pi} \sin x \ dx \\ & = 2\int_0^{2\pi} \sin x \ dx \\ & = 2 \int_{-\pi}^\pi \sin x \ dx & \small \color{#3D99F6} \text{Note that }\sin x \text{ is an odd function.} \\ & = \boxed{0} \end{aligned}

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