even or odd !!!!!!!!!!!!!

if 4 whole no.s are randomly selected from 1 to 10. Take the product of these 4 numbers. The probability that the unit place of the product is even is 'X' times the probability that the unit place of the product is odd.find the value of 'X'.


The answer is 15.

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3 solutions

Ayush Garg
Oct 15, 2014

Let's consider numbers from 0-9 since the probability will remain same with any other case due to symmetry (You can check for inteval of any 10 , 20 ..etc. numbers and you'll get same results)

Now, total ways of selection = 10 4 { 10 }^{ 4 }

For product to be a prime number all the four selections should be prime (1,3,5,7,9)

So, total ways of selecting = 5 5 5 5 5*5*5*5 = 625

P ( o d d ) P \left( odd \right) = 625 10 4 \frac { 625 }{ { 10 }^{ 4 } }

P ( e v e n ) P \left( even \right) = 1 P ( o d d ) 1 - P \left( odd \right) \quad = 1 - 625 10 4 \frac { 625 }{ { 10 }^{ 4 } } = 9375 10 4 \frac { 9375 }{ { 10 }^{ 4 } }

P ( e v e n ) = 15 625 10000 = 15 P ( o d d ) P\left( even \right) =\frac { 15*625 }{ 10000 } =15*P\left( odd \right)

X = 15 X = \boxed{15}

thanks for your help

parth tandon - 6 years, 8 months ago

i think it should be 15multiply by 625 and not 675 ?

parth tandon - 6 years, 8 months ago

Log in to reply

Sorry that was a typo, I've fixed it.

Ayush Garg - 6 years, 8 months ago

We have 5 odd numbers and 5 even numbers, so:

Prob. of picking an odd number = prob. of picking an even number = 1 2 \frac{1}{2}

Notice that the product of the 4 numbers would be odd only if we pick 4 odd numbers

Prob. of picking 4 odd numbers = ( 1 2 ) 4 (\frac{1}{2})^{4} = 1 16 \frac{1}{16}

So, prob. of picking any other choice = 1 - 1 16 \frac{1}{16} = 15 16 \frac{15}{16}

Therefore it is 15 \boxed{15} times more probable to have an even product.

Jabali Babali
Oct 22, 2014

P[odd]=\frac{5^4}{10^4}= \frac{1}{16} and P[even]=1-P[odd] =\frac{15}{16} So, simply \boxed{X=15}

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