Exclamatory Addition

Let n n be expressed as

1! + 2! + 3! + ... + 100!

What are the last three digits of n n ?


The answer is 313.

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12 solutions

Christian Lee
Dec 17, 2013

Note that n n can also be expressed as x = 1 100 x ! \sum_{x=1}^{100} x!

Because the question asks for the last there digits, we will only focus on the last three digits.

Every fifth factorial gains a zero at the end. For example, 5 ! = 120 5! = 120 has one zero at the end. 10 ! = 3 , 628 , 800 10! = 3,628,800 has two zeros at the end. This pattern continues at every fifth factorial. Anything after 15 ! 15! will have three zeros at the end and will not affect the sum.

Thus the last three digits of x = 1 100 x ! \sum_{x=1}^{100} x! is equal to the last three digits of x = 1 14 x ! \sum_{x=1}^{14} x!

Therefore, you only need to find the sum of 1 ! + 2 ! + 3 ! + . . . + 14 ! 1! + 2! + 3! + ... + 14! .

Adding up 1 ! + 2 ! + 3 ! + . . . + 14 ! 1! + 2! + 3! + ... + 14! , you get a number ending in 313 313 .

The answer is 313 . \boxed{313}.

I did this exactly the same way... This is totally a straightforward problem...

Since 15 ! 15! is the first factorial number with three trailing zeroes and so divisible by 1000 1000 , we get...

n = m = 1 100 m ! m = 1 14 m ! 313 ( m o d 1000 ) n=\sum_{m=1}^{100} m! \equiv \sum_{m=1}^{14} m!\equiv \fbox{313}\pmod{1000}

But I thought that there might be a simpler way to compute the last three digits of the final expression as well... So I instantly entered the discussion and ended up finding the same thing I did... :3

Jubayer Nirjhor - 7 years, 5 months ago

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yeah me too.......

Raziq Raif - 7 years, 5 months ago

Is there any possible way to find the sum 1 ! + 2 ! + 3 ! + . . . + 14 ! 1!+2!+3!+...+14! without bashing?

Hahn Lheem - 7 years, 5 months ago

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While you do have to in a sense find the last three digits of each factorial up to 14!, this is still easy to solve. All of these you can easily calculate on a handheld calculator or smartphone calculator.

Christian Lee - 7 years, 5 months ago

Whoa that's exactly what I did! I never wondered someone else would also do by the same method!

Akshat Jain - 7 years, 5 months ago

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Everybody did it the same way. That is how the problem was meant to be solved. As Jubayer Nirjhor pointed out, this is a pretty straight forward problem.

Bruce Wayne - 7 years, 5 months ago

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Never thought that. :P

Akshat Jain - 7 years, 5 months ago

What does the question mean by last 3 digits?As we get last three digits to 000 just after 15! the the required last three digits should be 000??Plz help me

shiva raj - 7 years, 5 months ago

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The first 14 have last 3 digits which are not zero, you have to add those :)

Frederick Corpuz - 7 years, 5 months ago

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thank you

shiva raj - 7 years, 5 months ago

Funny I calculate 1! + 2! + ... + 20! because:

10 X 15 X 20 = 3000

And didn't thought about the fact that

10 X 15 X 4 X 5 = 10 X 15 X 20 = 3000

which proves your way ;)

רון וטנשטיין - 7 years, 5 months ago
Davin Leo
Dec 21, 2013

Let's count the last three digits of the first few values
1! = 1
2! = 2
3! = 6
4! = 24
5! = 120
6! = 720
7! = ...040
8! = ...320
9! = ...880
10! = ...800
11! = ...800
12! = ...600
13! = ...800
14! = ...200
15! = ...000



Since 15! to 100! have ...000 in their last three digits, then, we only need to sum up the last three digits of 1! until 14!

n = 1 ! + 2 ! + 3 ! + . . . + 14 ! + . . . n = 1! + 2! + 3! +... + 14! + ...
n = 1 + 2 + 6 + 24 + 120 + 720 + . . . 040 + . . . 320 + . . . 880 + . . . 800 + . . . 800 + . . . 600 + . . . 800 + . . . 200 + . . . n = 1+2+6+24+120+720+...040+...320+...880+...800+...800+...600+...800+...200+ ...
n = . . . 313 n = ...313

Hence, the last three digits of n is 313 \boxed{313}

Rik Ghosh
Jan 16, 2014

After 14! the last three digits are 0's. Hence it is enough to find the last three digits of 1!+2!...14! which is 313.

Prakash Suthar
Dec 19, 2013

1!=1+ 2!=2+ 3!=6+ 4!=24+ 5!=120+ 6!=720+ 7!=5040+ 8!=40320+ 9!=362880 + 10!= 3628800 + 11!=39916800+ 12!=479001600+ 13!=6227020800 + 14!=87178291200+ 15!=1307674368000+

16!=...........................................(above 14! the last three digit will be 000)

answer= sum of last three digit of 1! to 14!=5313 n= last four digit is 5313 last three digit is 313

Alexander Sludds
Dec 17, 2013

First note that the number of zeros at the end of n ! n! is the same as the amount of fives in its prime factorization. Since we know that the first factorial number to have three zeros is 15 ! 15! we can simply take 1 ! + 2 ! + 3 ! + + 14 ! 1!+2!+3!+\cdots+14! mod 100. After a bit of bashing (or calculator work) you will find that the answer is 313.

can you explain clearly via example

Madhu A R Arehally - 7 years, 5 months ago

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Okay, so if you want to know the amount of zeros at the end of n ! n! we simply have to look at how many fives are in the prime factorization of n ! n! . Let's do an easy example, if we want to know how many 0's that 6 ! 6! ends with we see that 6! is only divisible by at most one five (note that 25 does not deny it because it is too big). A general formula for how many zeros are at the end of n! is n / 5 + n / 25 + n / 125 + \lfloor n/5 \rfloor + \lfloor n/25 \rfloor + \lfloor n/125 \rfloor + \cdots . So, for this problem in particular we want to find the first n such that n ! n! ends in three zeros because then ( n + 1 ) ! (n+1)! and all factorials greater than it will end in three zeros and will not contribute to our answer (since our answer is the last THREE digits of the sum of the factorials and since the last three digits are zero everything greater than this n n does not contribute to the answer). So, we want to find the first number such that it has 3 3 5's in its prime factorization. Turns out this is 15 ! 15! because we note from our above formula that ( 15 / 5 ) = 3 \lfloor (15/5) \rfloor =3 . Okay, so we only have to calculate the last three digits of 1 ! + 2 ! + 3 ! + + 14 ! 1!+2!+3!+\cdots+14! . You can do this by hand or use a calculator.

Alexander Sludds - 7 years, 5 months ago

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And the formula works, because first you find the number of integers,less than to equal to n, that are divisible by 5.But then you will have missed to count one more imd the ones divisible by 25 etc.etc. and the sum is always finite.

Bogdan Simeonov - 7 years, 5 months ago
P T Mohan Kumar
Mar 20, 2014

Just find 1!+2!....+14! Because 15! Will have 000 at the end(2.5.10.(5).(2)) The last bracketted 5 and 2 are from 15 and any even no resp... simple...

Arijeet Satapathy
Feb 23, 2014

1!=1+ 2!=2+ 3!=6+ 4!=24+ 5!=120+ 6!=720+ 7!=5040+ 8!=40320+ 9!=362880 + 10!= 3628800 + 11!=39916800+ 12!=479001600+ 13!=6227020800 + 14!=87178291200+ 15!=1307674368000+ 16!=...........................................(above 14! the last three digit will be 000) ================ answer= sum of last three digit of 1! to 14!=5313 n= last four digit is 5313 last three digit is 313

Budi Utomo
Dec 19, 2013

We know if 3- zero digits of the k! is 15!, so the last three digits of the 1! + 2! + ... + 100! = the last three digits of the 1! + 2! + 3! + 4! + 5! + 6! + 7! + 8! + 9! + 10! + 11! + 12! + 13! + 14! =1 + 2 + 6 + 24 + 120 +720 + 040 + 320 + 880 + 800 + 800 + 600 + 800 + 200 = ....(313). Answer ; 313

10 X 15 X 20=3000

That's means that from 20! and on all the number are divided by 1000 and not relevant

Even if n was 1! + 2! + ....+ 1000000! all we have to find is the summary of 1! + 2! + .... 19!

I found that using a computer :)

Tilak Patel
Dec 19, 2013

For the given expression n = 1 ! + 2 ! + 3 ! + 4 ! . . . . + 100 ! n = 1! + 2! + 3! + 4! .... + 100!

when you evaluate the values of all factorials, you will find that the exponential value of 10 will be equal to 3 for 15 ! 15!

i.e for 15 ! 15! is a factor of 1000. Hence, to find out the last three digits of n n we need to evaluate

1 ! + 2 ! + 3 ! + 4 ! + 5 ! + . . . . . + 14 ! = 93928268313 1! + 2! + 3! + 4! +5! + ..... + 14! = 93928268313

Hence, last three digits of n n is 313 \boxed{313}

Zn Mark
Dec 19, 2013
  • 5! =...0
  • 10! = ...00
  • 15! = ....000
  • n! = ...000 (at least 3 times zero '0') (n>15) => The last three digits of n is the same of 1! + 2! + 3! + ... 13! + 14! = ...313
Israel Smith
Dec 19, 2013

Look at 15! cong to 0 mod 1000. Then sum 15! + 14! + 13! + 12! + ... + 2! + 1! cong to 100! + 99! + ... + 3! +2!+1! mod 1000

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