{ a + b + c = a 2 + b 2 a b = c
Let P ( x ) = x 3 − 2 x 2 + p x − q be a polynomial with roots a , b and c satisfying the system of equations above.
Find the sum of all possible values of p + q .
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Nice solution +1 !!. Did the same way !
By Vieta's formula, we have:
⎩ ⎪ ⎨ ⎪ ⎧ a + b + c = 2 a b + b c + c a = p a b c = q . . . ( 1 ) . . . ( 2 ) . . . ( 3 )
It is given that:
{ a + b + c = a 2 + b 2 a b = c . . . ( 4 ) . . . ( 5 )
Therefore, we have:
( 4 ) : a + b + c ⟹ a 2 + b 2 = a 2 + b 2 ( 1 ) : a + b + c = 2 = 2 . . . ( 4 a )
( 5 ) : a b ⟹ a b c c 2 = c = c 2 ( 3 ) : a b c = q = q . . . ( 5 a )
( 2 ) : a b + b c + c a c + c ( a + b ) c + c ( 2 − c ) c + 2 c − c 2 3 c − q ⟹ p + q = p ( 5 ) : a b = c = p ( 1 ) : a + b + c = 2 = p = p ( 5 a ) : c 2 = q = p = 3 c . . . ( 2 a )
Now,
( ( 1 ) a + b + c ) 2 4 2 2 ⟹ c 2 − 6 c + 2 c = ( 4 a ) a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + 2 ( ( 2 ) a b + b c + c a ) = 2 + c 2 + 2 p ( 2 a ) : p + q = 3 c ⟹ p = 3 c − q = c 2 + 2 ( 3 c − q ) ( 5 a ) : c 2 = q = c 2 + 6 c − 2 c 2 = 0 = { c 1 = 3 + 7 c 2 = 3 − 7
Therefore, the sum all possible p + q = 3 c . . . ( 2 a ) :
( p 1 + q 1 ) + ( p 2 + q 2 ) = 3 c 1 + 3 c 2 = 3 ( 3 + 7 ) + 3 ( 3 − 7 ) = 1 8
Cool solution sir !+1!
@Chew-Seong Cheong Sir, can you please tell me what are the corresponding values of a and b for the given c........Because they both must be real and one of them should be the conjugate of c.........But then, the conditions are not satisfied.......!!!!
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Please note that a , b and c may not be real roots.
From Vieta's formulas we know that a + b + c = 2 then a + b = 2 − c , a b c = q and a b + b c + a c = p , thus, from the given equations, we have that q = − c 2 and p = c + b c + a c = c ( 1 + a + b ) = c ( 3 − c ) = 3 c − c 2 , therefore, the sum of all possibles values of p + q is c 2 + 3 c − c 2 = 3 c , that is, three times the sum of all possible values for c .
Now, as a + b = 2 − c and a b = c , then a + b = 2 − a b , which is the same that 2 ( a + b ) = 4 − 2 a b . Also, a 2 + b 2 = 2 , thus, ( a + b ) 2 = 2 + 2 a b . Adding both equations, ( a + b ) 2 + 2 ( a + b ) = 6 , and solving for a + b , we conclude that ( a + b ) = − 1 ± 7 , hence, c = 2 − ( a + b ) = 2 + 1 ± 7 = 3 ± 7 , so the sum of all possible values for c is 6 , then, the asked value is 3 ⋅ 6 = 1 8 .
Let us find value of p + q . p + q = a b ( 1 + a + b + a b ) .
By V i e t e ′ s T h e o r a m
a + b + c = 2 = a + b + a b .
Therefore sum of all values of p+q are
3 ∑ a b .
Now
a + b = 2 − a b ......… …1
And
a 2 + b 2 = 2 .
Forming a quadratic in a b by squaring 1, we calculate sum of roots as 6, ie
∑ a b = 6.
Thus answer is 18.
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a + b + c ( a + b ) 2 − ( a + b ) ( a + b ) ( a + b − 1 ) ( c − 2 ) ( c − 1 ) c 2 − 6 c + 2 ⇒ ∑ c p p + q ∑ p + q = a 2 + b 2 = ( a + b ) 2 − 2 a b = 2 a b + c = 3 c = 3 c ∵ a + b + c = 2 = 0 = 6 = a b + b c + c a = a b + c ( a + b ) = c + c ( 2 − c ) = 3 c − c 2 = 3 c − q ∵ q = a b c , a b = c = 3 c = 3 ∑ c = 1 8