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Let f ( x ) = ( x ! ) ! + x ! + x − x x !
Then f ( 1 ) = 2 > 0 , f ( 2 ) = 2 > 0 , f ( 3 ) = 0
So x = 3 .
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Looking at the graphs of ( x ! ) ! and x x ! (shown above), it appears that ( x ! ) ! grows faster than x x ! (I was too lazy to formally write a proof :) ). Therefore, as x tends to infinity, ( x ! ) ! should be much larger than x x ! . Because of this, ( x ! ) ! + x ! + x should also be much larger than x x ! for large values of x .
Through trial and error, we can show that 0 , 1 , and 2 do not, but 3 does. However, once we try 4 and 5 , both graphs start growing rapidly (also shown in the graph above). Because ( x ! ) ! + x ! + x grows faster than x x ! , they will never be equal again.
Therefore, 3 is the only answer.