Factorials and cubes

Level 2

Given that a a and b b are positive integers that satisfy a ! + 5 = b 3 a!+5=b^3 , find the last 3 digits of the sum of all possible products a b ab


The answer is 25.

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1 solution

Clearly a = 5 , b = 5 a=5,b=5 is a solution. Now, to see if there are other solutions, we first note that the solutions for a a must be > 5 >5 . Then the unit's digit of a ! + 5 a!+5 must be 5 5 which implies that the unit's digit of b b also must be 5 5 . Now, the 10 10 's digit of any number of the form x 3 x^3 where x x is an integer with 5 5 as its unit's digit, is { 2 , 7 } \in \{2,7\} . Since the 10 10 's digit of x ! x! for any x 10 x\ge 10 is always 0 0 , this implies that the other possible solutions for a a must { 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 } \in \{6,7,8,9\} . Now an easy check reveals that there is no other solution for a a and hence the only possible solution is a = 5 , b = 5 \boxed{a=5,b=5} .

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