Family of Straight Line

Geometry Level 3

If a , 2 b , 3 c a, 2b, 3c are in an arithmetic progression , then 2 a x + 2 b y + c = 0 2ax + 2by + c = 0 represents a family of lines concurrent at a fixed point, then find the point.

( 1 3 , 2 3 ) \left(\frac 13, - \frac 23 \right) ( 1 6 , 1 3 ) \left(\frac 16, -\frac 13 \right) ( 2 3 , 1 6 ) \left(- \frac 23, \frac 16 \right) ( 1 6 , 2 3 ) \left(\frac 16, - \frac 23 \right)

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2 solutions

Chew-Seong Cheong
Oct 28, 2018

Since a , 2 b , 3 c a, 2b, 3c are in an arithmetic progression, let a = 2 b d a = 2b-d and 3 c = 2 b + d 3c = 2b + d , where d d is the common difference. Then, we have:

2 a x + 2 b y + c = 0 \begin{aligned} 2ax + 2by + c & = 0 \end{aligned}

y = 2 a 2 b x c 2 b = 2 b d b x 2 b + d 6 b = ( d b 2 ) x 1 3 d 6 b \begin{aligned} y & = - \frac {2a}{2b}x - \frac c{2b} \\ & = - \frac {2b-d}b x - \frac {2b+d}{6b} \\ & = \left(\frac db - 2\right) x - \frac 13 - \frac d{6b} \end{aligned}

Therefore, 2 a x + 2 b y + c = 0 2ax + 2by + c = 0 is a family of straight lines with d b \dfrac db as parameter. We note that when x = 1 6 x=\dfrac 16 , y = ( d b 2 ) 1 6 1 3 d 6 b = d 6 b 1 3 1 3 d 6 b = 2 3 y = \left(\dfrac db - 2\right) \dfrac 16 - \dfrac 13 - \dfrac d{6b} = \dfrac d{6b} - \dfrac 13 - \dfrac 13 - \dfrac d{6b} = - \dfrac 23 , which is independent of d d and b b . Therefore, the lines are concurrent at ( 1 6 , 2 3 ) \boxed{\left(\dfrac 16, -\dfrac 23\right)} .

Tom Engelsman
Jan 23, 2021

Let a , 2 b = a + d , 3 c = a + 2 d a, 2b = a+d, 3c = a + 2d be in arithmetic progression. If 2 a x + 2 b y + c = 0 2ax+2by+c=0 represents a family of lines concurrent about a fixed point, then we have:

2 a x + ( a + d ) y = a + 2 d 3 ; 2ax + (a+d)y = -\frac{a+2d}{3};

or 6 a x + 3 ( a + d ) y = a 2 d ; 6ax + 3(a+d)y = -a-2d;

or ( 6 x + 3 y ) a + ( 3 y ) d = a 2 d ; (6x + 3y)a + (3y)d = -a - 2d;

If we now match the coefficients of a a and d d , then we arrive at the 2x2 linear system:

6 x + 3 y = 1 6x+3y=-1

3 y = 2 3y = -2

which has the unique solution ( x , y ) = ( 1 6 , 2 3 ) . \boxed{(x,y) = (\frac{1}{6},-\frac{2}{3})}.

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