2 ( 0 . 5 ! ) 2 ( 0 . 5 ! ) 2 ( 0 . 5 ! ) 2 ( 0 . 5 ! ) 2 ( 0 . 5 ! ) 2 ( 0 . 5 ! ) . . . = ?
What is the value of the infinite series above? State your answer with 3 significant figures.
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Because the pattern goes on forever, we can substitute it into itself:
x = ( 2 ) ( 0 . 5 ! ) x
x = ( 2 ) ( 0 . 5 ! )
x = 4 ( 0 . 5 ! ) 2
x = π
2 1 ! = Γ ( 2 3 ) = 2 1 Γ ( 2 1 )
Using Euler's Reflection formula,
Γ ( z ) Γ ( 1 − z ) = sin ( π z ) π for all non integer values of z and taking z = 2 1 ⟹ Γ ( 2 1 ) = π then,
2 1 Γ ( 2 1 ) = 2 1 π ⟹ 2 ⋅ ( 2 1 ) ! = π
Let x = π π ⋯ then x 2 = π x ∴ x ( x − π ) = 0 ⟹ x = π ≈ 3 . 1 4
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Using the Ramanujan's formula for nested radical (26) :
x + n + a = a x + ( n + a ) 2 + x a ( x + n ) + ( n + a ) 2 + ( x + n ) a ( x + 2 n ) + ( n + a ) 2 + ( x + 2 n ) ⋯
Setting x = 2 ( 0 . 5 ! ) , n = 0 and a = 0 , we have:
2 ( 0 . 5 ! ) ( 2 ( 0 . 5 ! ) ) 2 = 2 ( 0 . 5 ! ) 2 ( 0 . 5 ! ) 2 ( 0 . 5 ! ) ⋯ = 2 ( 0 . 5 ! ) 2 ( 0 . 5 ! ) 2 ( 0 . 5 ! ) 2 ( 0 . 5 ! ) ⋯
Note that 0 . 5 ! ) = Γ ( 0 . 5 + 1 ) = Γ ( 2 3 ) = 2 1 Γ ( 2 1 ) = 2 1 π , where Γ ( ⋅ ) denotes that gamma function . Therefore ( 2 ( 0 . 5 ! ) ) 2 = π ≈ 3 . 1 4 in three significant figures.