Fast Baseball Pitcher

Probability Level pending

A baseball team hires a pitcher who throws so fast that no one could ever hit his pitches. Instead, he either strikes out or walks every batter. He strikes out any given batter with probability p . p. To have an earned run average less than 1.00 , 1.00, what is the minimum possible value of p ? p?

Details: In baseball, there are 9 innings. An earned run average is the number of runs given up per 9 innings. After 3 people are walked, each additional walk scores a run. After 3 strike outs, the inning ends.

Note: While the majority of this problem can be solved with combinatorics, you may need a computing device for the last step.


The answer is 0.704058.

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1 solution

Ric Best
Jan 9, 2016

For ease of computation, let's calculate the ELI, a stat I'm defining as ERA divided by 9. We want this to be equal than 1 9 \frac{1}{9} obviously. Let f ( x , y ) f(x,y) designate the ELI with x x runners on and y y outs. Obviously, with y = 3 y=3 our function resolves to zero. Further, with y 3 y \neq 3 f ( 3 , y ) = p f ( 3 , y + 1 ) + ( 1 p ) ( 1 + f ( 3 , y ) ) f(3,y) = pf(3,y+1) + (1-p)(1+f(3,y)) . Even further, for x , y 3 x, y \neq 3 , f ( x , y ) = p f ( x , y + 1 ) + ( 1 p ) f ( x + 1 , y ) f(x,y) = pf(x,y+1) + (1-p)f(x+1,y) . What to do now? Well, we have a system of 16 equations and 16 unknowns, and we could solve f ( 0 , 0 ) f(0,0) in terms of p p and set that equal to 1 9 \frac{1}{9} if we wanted. I opted to use Excel to get a numerical value for f ( 0 , 0 ) f(0,0) in terms of a given p p , then using a digit-by-digit approximation to find the proper value.

Yeah, this is a really good spot to employ some computational recursion.

For a quick extension/note, what percentage of his pitches would need to be strikes in order to achieve the strikeout rate p . 704058 ? p \approx .704058?

Eli Ross Staff - 5 years, 2 months ago

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