T n represents the n t h term of the Fibonacci Sequence 1 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 5 , 8 , 1 3 , 2 1 , . . . ( T n = T n − 1 + T n − 2 )
If a = lim n → ∞ T n T n + 1 ,
Find the value of ( 2 a − 1 ) 2 .
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do you want a proof that the above limits does compute to golden ration?
Of course, this is a very simple exercise if you find the expression of T n in terms of n , which is T n = 5 ( 2 1 + 5 ) n − ( 2 1 − 5 ) n . I am going sketch the solution without using the previous formula.
Let us introduce the notation
c
n
=
T
n
T
n
+
1
.
Part 1. You can prove by using Mathematical Induction that
c
n
−
c
n
−
1
=
T
n
T
n
−
1
(
−
1
)
n
Part 2. You can prove that the series ∑ n = 2 ∞ T n T n − 1 ( − 1 ) n converges because it is an alternating series.
Part 3. Since the ( n − 1 ) − th partial sum of the series is c n − c 2 , then the sequence c n converges.
Part 4. It is also easy to prove that c n = 1 + c n − 1 1
Part 5 Taking limit on both sides of the previous equation and denoting the lim n → ∞ c n = c , we obtain that c satisfies the equation c = 1 + 1 / c .
Part 6. Solving the previous equation, we get two values for c : 2 1 + 5 and 2 1 − 5 .
Part 7. Since c has to be positive then c = 2 1 + 5 .
Then the answer to this problem is 5 .
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The limit we're looking for is simply the golden ratio, φ = 1/2 + √5/2. Thus, the answer is 5.