Fibonacci Sums

a a , b b , and c c are distinct positive integers, and the sum of any two of these integers is a Fibonacci number .

What is the smallest possible value of a + b + c a+b+c ?

If you think there are no possible values for a a , b b , and c c , please put the answer as 0.


Definition:

The first few Fibonacci numbers are 1 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 5 , 8 , 13 , 21 , 1,1,2,3,5,8,13,21, \ldots .

In general, they satisfy the following recursive relation: F ( 0 ) = F ( 1 ) = 1 , F ( n ) = F ( n 2 ) + F ( n 1 ) for n > 1. F(0) = F(1) = 1,\quad F(n) = F(n-2) + F(n-1) \ \text{ for } n > 1.


The answer is 0.

This section requires Javascript.
You are seeing this because something didn't load right. We suggest you, (a) try refreshing the page, (b) enabling javascript if it is disabled on your browser and, finally, (c) loading the non-javascript version of this page . We're sorry about the hassle.

1 solution

Calvin Lin Staff
Nov 28, 2016

Solution 1: Direct considerations

After some trial and error, we suspect that the answer is "no solutions". How can we show this?
We have the following observations:

  1. There are always real solutions to a + b = F x , b + c = F y , c + a = F z a + b = F_x, b + c = F_y , c + a = F_z , namely a = F x + F z F y 2 , b = F x + F y F z 2 , c = F y + F z F x 2 a = \frac{ F_x + F_z - F_y } { 2 } , b = \frac{ F_x + F_y - F_z } { 2} , c = \frac{ F_y + F_z - F_x } { 2 } . Hence, we have to investigate the additional conditions of positive and integer .
  2. For integer solutions, we just have to ensure that F x + F y + F z F_x + F_y + F_z is even, which is easily satisfied. This is unlikely to yield anything as yet.
  3. Thus, if there are no solutions, it is because one of them is NOT positive. WLOG, let a < b < c a < b < c . Then, we want to show that 0 a 0 \geq a , or equivalently that 0 F x + F z F y 0 \geq F_x + F_z - F_ y .

Since we have F y > F z > F x F_y > F_z > F_x , so z y 1 z \leq y -1 and x y 2 x \leq y -2 . Thus,

F x + F z F y F y 2 + F y 1 F y = 0 F_x + F_z - F_y \leq F_{y-2} + F_{y-1} - F_y = 0

as desired. In all solutions to the system, a a must be non-positive, thus there are no distinct positive integer solutions.


Solution 2: Proof by contradiciton

Suppose that there are positive integer solutions to a + b = F x , b + c = F y , c + a = F z a + b = F_x, b + c = F_y , c + a = F_z .
WLOG, 1 a < b < c 1 \leq a < b < c .
Since F y = c + b > c + a = F z F_y = c + b > c + a = F_z , so y 1 z y -1 \geq z .
We have b a = F y F z F y F y 1 = F y 2 b - a = F_y - F_z \geq F_y - F_{y-1} = F_{y-2} .
So, F y 2 b a < b + a < a + c < b + c = F y F_{y-2} \leq b - a < b + a < a + c < b+c = F_y .

We have 2 Fibonacci numbers between F y 2 F_{y-2} and F y F_y , which is a contradiction.

Note: This solution arose from the realization that c + a c+a and c + b c + b being Fibonacci numebrs puts a restriction on the size of b b .


Note: If the condition of "positive" is relaxed to allow for 0, then equality must hold throughout and thus the only solution is the obvious solution { 0 , F n , F n + 1 } \{ 0, F_n, F_{n+1} \} .

Great solutions, Calvin... I like the second one!

Thanks for posting them!

Geoff Pilling - 4 years, 6 months ago

0 pending reports

×

Problem Loading...

Note Loading...

Set Loading...