Two discrete curves are defined as follows:
Δ θ = 1 0 0 0 π α = 0 . 9 9 5 k = 0 , 1 , 2 , 3 . . . . 1 0 0 0 θ k = k Δ θ x k = cos ( θ k ) y k = sin ( θ k ) y k ′ = α y k − 1 ′ + ( 1 − α ) y k y 0 ′ = 0
Scatter plots of ( x k , y k ) and ( x k , y k ′ ) are shown as smooth lines for display purposes.
The k subscript denotes the present value of the variable, and the k − 1 subscript denotes the previous value of the variable. The quantity y ′ is the result when y is passed through an infinite-impulse-response filter.
What is the ratio of the blue-shaded area to the tan-shaded area?
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