What fraction of a radioactive substance will be decayed during 3 half lives?
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Let x be the amount of substance that was present initially.
After one half life, 2 x substance is remaining.
After two half lives, 4 x substance is remaining.
After three half lives, 8 x substance is remaining.
So, amount of substance that has decayed 1 − 8 x = 8 7 x