Find tan x \tan x

Geometry Level 3

In the figure, A M B H AMBH is a semicircle, M H MH is perpendicular to diameter A B AB , H Q = 2 M Q HQ=2MQ , and Q A H = 4 5 \angle QAH = 45^\circ . Find tan Q B H \tan \angle QBH .


The answer is 0.4444444.

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2 solutions

Chew-Seong Cheong
May 12, 2020

Let M Q = 1 MQ=1 . Then H Q = 2 HQ = 2 and M H = 3 MH = 3 . Since A H = H Q = 2 AH=HQ = 2 . As A B AB is a diameter of the semicircle, A M B = 9 0 \angle AMB=90^\circ , and M A H \triangle MAH and M B H \triangle MBH are similar. Then H B M H = M H A H \dfrac {HB}{MH} = \dfrac {MH}{AH} H B = M H A H × M H = 3 2 × 3 = 9 2 \implies HB = \dfrac {MH}{AH} \times MH = \dfrac 32 \times 3 = \dfrac 92 and tan Q B H = H Q H B = 2 9 2 = 4 9 0.444 \tan \angle QBH = \dfrac {HQ}{HB} = \dfrac 2{\frac 92} =\dfrac 49 \approx \boxed{0.444}

Let M Q = a H Q = 2 a |\overline {MQ}|=a\implies |\overline {HQ}|=2a and radius of the semicircle = r =r . Then A H = 2 a , H B = 2 r 2 a |\overline {AH}|=2a,|\overline {HB}|=2r-2a . A M B \angle {AMB} , being a semicircular angle, = 90 ° A M 2 + M B 2 = A B 2 ( 4 a 2 + 9 a 2 ) + ( 9 a 2 + 4 r 2 8 r a + 4 a 2 ) = 4 r 2 a = 4 r 13 =90\degree\implies |\overline {AM}|^2+|\overline {MB}|^2=|\overline {AB}|^2\implies (4a^2+9a^2)+(9a^2+4r^2-8ra+4a^2)=4r^2\implies a=\dfrac{4r}{13} .

Hence tan x = H Q H B = a r a = 4 9 0.444444 \tan x=\dfrac{|\overline {HQ}|}{|\overline {HB}|}=\dfrac {a}{r-a}=\dfrac {4}{9}\approx \boxed {0.444444} .

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