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2 sin 2 4 sin 8 4 = cos ( 8 4 − 2 4 ) − cos ( 8 4 + 2 4 ) = cos ( 6 0 ) − cos ( 1 0 8 ) = . . . The details are rather messy. Agree
Let O denote the circumcenter of △ B C D . Note that O ∈ A D , C B O is an equilateral △ , ∠ A B O = 1 8 ∘ and ∠ A O B = 1 2 ∘ . Let P be a point : ∠ P B A = ∠ A B O = 1 8 ∘ , ∠ P O A = ∠ A O B = 1 2 ∘ . [Just doubling the angles..] Note that ∠ B P O = 1 2 0 ∘ ⇒ C B P O is cyclic. Also, A is the incenter of Δ P B O and A C bisects ∠ B P O ⇒ P ∈ C A ⇒ ∠ P C B = ∠ P O B = 2 4 ∘ . K . I . P . K . I . G
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First, we have ∠ A B D = 1 5 0 and ∠ B C D = 9 6
Next by the law of sines on △ A B D and △ B C D
B D A B = sin 1 5 0 sin 2 4 = 2 sin 2 4 and B D C D = sin 9 6 sin 5 4 = sin 8 4 sin 5 4
Which means D C A D = sin 5 4 2 sin 2 4 sin 8 4
A calculator shows this equals 1 . I was unable to prove this using identities. I was able to by using the exact values. The details are rather messy.
So A D = A C and we have an isosceles triangle. ∠ A C D = ( 1 8 0 − 3 6 ) / 2 = 7 2 and x = 9 6 − 7 4 = 2 4
Incidentally, △ A B C is also isosceles as is the littlest triangle.
PS Whoever inked the picture did an amazing job.