In Let and denote the circumcircle and incircle of respectively. A circle centered at point is externally tangent to and internally tangent to at Another circle centered at is internally tangent to both and at The length of can be expressed as for some coprime positive integers and a prime Find
Details and assumptions
This problem is inspired by an old USAMO problem.
This diagram is not mine. I took it off from the AoPS thread.
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I have tried for literally a day to find a solution without using the inversion but failed in vain. So, here's the solution that I found, online, that uses the inversion technique. Apparently inversion is quite useful for solving difficult geometry problems like this (wikipedia: inversive geometry)
http://www.artofproblemsolving.com/Wiki/index.php/2007 USAMO Problems/Problem_6