Find the equation of the circle

Geometry Level 2

A circle has its center at ( 2 , 1 ) (2,1) and is tangent to the line x 3 y 9 = 0 x - 3y - 9 = 0 . Find the equation of the circle.

x 2 + y 2 4 x 2 y 95 = 0 x^2 + y^2 - 4x - 2y - 95 = 0 x 2 + y 2 4 x 2 y 5 = 0 x^2 + y^2 - 4x - 2y - 5 = 0 x 2 + y 2 4 x 2 y = 5 x^2 + y^2 - 4x - 2y = -5

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1 solution

The distance between the center and the tangent line is equal to the radius.

Thus,

r = a x 0 + b y 0 + c a 2 + b 2 r = \frac{\mid ax_{0} + by_{0} + c \mid}{\sqrt{a^{2} + b^{2}}}

Subtituting a = 1 , b = 3 , c = 9 , x 0 = 2 a = 1, b = -3, c = -9, x_{0} = 2 , and y 0 = 1 y_{0} = 1 ,

r = ( 1 ) ( 2 ) + ( 3 ) ( 1 ) 9 ( 1 ) 2 + ( 3 ) 2 r = \frac{\mid (1)(2) + (-3)(1) -9 \mid}{\sqrt{(1)^{2} + (-3)^{2}}}

r = 10 r = \sqrt{10} .

Substituting in ( x x 0 ) 2 + ( y y 0 ) 2 = r 2 (x - x_{0})^{2} + (y - y_{0})^{2} = r^{2} yields

( x 2 ) 2 + ( y 1 ) 2 = ( 10 ) 2 (x - 2)^{2} + (y - 1)^{2} = (\sqrt{10})^{2}

x 2 + y 2 4 x 2 y 5 = 0 x^{2} + y^{2} - 4x -2y - 5 = 0

Well written solution!

Richard Costen - 4 years, 2 months ago

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