A circle has its center at and is tangent to the line . Find the equation of the circle.
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The distance between the center and the tangent line is equal to the radius.
Thus,
r = a 2 + b 2 ∣ a x 0 + b y 0 + c ∣
Subtituting a = 1 , b = − 3 , c = − 9 , x 0 = 2 , and y 0 = 1 ,
r = ( 1 ) 2 + ( − 3 ) 2 ∣ ( 1 ) ( 2 ) + ( − 3 ) ( 1 ) − 9 ∣
r = 1 0 .
Substituting in ( x − x 0 ) 2 + ( y − y 0 ) 2 = r 2 yields
( x − 2 ) 2 + ( y − 1 ) 2 = ( 1 0 ) 2
x 2 + y 2 − 4 x − 2 y − 5 = 0