Find The Length

Geometry Level 5

In A B C , \triangle ABC, B C = 9 , C A = 8 , A B = 6. BC=9, CA=8, AB=6. The incircle of A B C \triangle ABC touches lines A B , A C AB,AC at points Z , Y Z,Y respectively. Let R R be the unique point such that B C Y R BCYR is a parallelogram. Lines B Y , C Z BY,CZ intersect at G . G. Given that G R = p q GR= \sqrt{\dfrac{p}{q}} for some coprime positive integers p , q , p,q, find the last three digits of p + q . p+q.

Extra credit

Let S S be the unique point such that B C Z S BCZS is a parallelogram.

  • Show that G R = G S . GR=GS.
  • Show that R Z S Y RZSY is a parallelogram.

Details and assumptions

  • This problem is inspired by ISL 2009 G3 .

  • You might use WolframAlpha for the calculations, this problem really gets tedious after a while.

  • The last digit of the answer is 7. 7. Hopefully that will help get rid of plugging / calculation errors. (I don't want people commenting again saying that they plugged in wrong values or something.)


The answer is 297.

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2 solutions

Kartik Sharma
Jan 8, 2015

So, really as Ronak said this question is actually a beast. Looks difficult but is very simple. It can be solved using cosine rule and Menelaus only.

In A B C ABC , using Cosine rule for A \angle A

A B 2 + A C 2 2 A B A C cos ( B A C ) = B C 2 {AB}^{2} + {AC}^{2} - 2*AB*AC* \cos(BAC) = {BC}^{2}

Substituting values,

c o s A = 19 96 cos A = \frac{19}{96}

Now, we must know that C Y = C X = 11 2 , A Y = A Z = 5 2 , B Z = B X = 7 2 CY = CX = \frac{11}{2}, AY = AZ = \frac{5}{2}, BZ = BX = \frac{7}{2} (These values can be found by just taking B C = x + y , C A = y + z , A B = z + x BC = x + y, CA = y + z, AB = z + x and then solving for x,y,z)

Again using cosine rule in A B Y ABY for A \angle A , and substituting cos ( B A Y ) = 19 96 \cos(BAY) = \frac{19}{96}

we get, B Y 2 = 581 16 B Y = 581 4 {BY}^{2} = \frac{581}{16} \Rightarrow BY = \frac{\sqrt{581}}{4}

Now, look at the triangle A B Y ABY again and the transversal line ZC. Applying Menelaus theorem here, we get,

A C C Y G Y B G B Z A Z = 1 \frac{AC}{CY}\cdot \frac{GY}{BG}\cdot \frac{BZ}{AZ} = -1

Plugging values, G Y B G = 55 112 \frac{GY}{BG} = \frac{55}{112}

Now, G Y = 55 a , B G = 112 a GY = 55a, BG = 112a

We know that G Y + B G = B Y GY + BG = BY

Hence, a = 1 167 581 4 G Y = 55 167 581 4 a = \frac{1}{167} \frac{\sqrt{581}}{4} \Rightarrow GY = \frac{55}{167} \frac{\sqrt{581}}{4}

In B Y R BYR , we know R Y = B C = 9 , B R = C Y = 11 2 RY = BC = 9, BR = CY = \frac{11}{2} (BCYR is a parallelogram)

Hence, now using cosine rule in this triangle for Y \angle Y , we get

c o s ( Y ) = 199 7 83 72 cos(Y) = \frac{199\sqrt{\frac{7}{83}}}{72}

Finally, join G R GR and use cosine rule in G R Y GRY for Y \angle Y ,

G R 2 = G Y 2 + R Y 2 2 G Y G R cos ( Y ) {GR}^{2} = {GY}^{2} + {RY}^{2} - 2*GY*GR*\cos(Y)

Plugging values for each on the RHS, we get,

G R 2 = 6276741 111556 {GR}^{2} = \frac{6276741}{111556}

which finally gives us the answer -

G R = 6276741 111556 GR = \boxed{\sqrt{\frac{6276741}{111556}}}

@Sreejato Bhattacharya Fix a typo in the problem! It says to give last three digits of a + b a + b rather than p + q p + q

Kartik Sharma - 6 years, 5 months ago

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Fixed; thanks!

Sreejato Bhattacharya - 6 years, 5 months ago

Extra Credit

  1. This can be proved just by finding the required values and then plugging in right values in the same way as done in the solution.

  2. B C = Z S , B C Z S BC = ZS, BC\parallel ZS ( as BCSZ is a parallelogram)

Also, R Y = B C , R Y B C RY = BC, RY\parallel BC

Hence, this implies that R Y = Z S , R Y Z S RY = ZS, RY\parallel ZS which further proves that RYSZ is a parallelogram.

Kartik Sharma - 6 years, 5 months ago

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That works, but note that there exists a nicer solution to (1) without computing the lengths explicitly. Here's a sketch:

  • Show that the powers of G G and w.r.t degenerate circle R R and the excircle are equal by some easy length chase. Again, by another easy length chase, show that the powers of B B w.r.t those two circles are equal. This implies B G BG is the radical axis of those two circles. Similarly, C G CG is the radical axis of S S and the excircle opposite A A . Thus, G S GS and G R GR are both equal to the power of G G w.r.t the A A excircle.

Sreejato Bhattacharya - 6 years, 5 months ago

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Yeah that is better approach. Upvoted!

Kartik Sharma - 6 years, 5 months ago
Ronak Agarwal
Jan 7, 2015

This question is a beast

I am shocked to see that the answer is :

G R = 6276741 111556 \displaystyle GR=\sqrt{\frac{6276741}{111556}}

Oh no !!!!

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