find the number of solutions

Algebra Level 4

Let the number of solutions of e x = x 4 e^x =x^4 be n n then find aproximate value of e n + e e^n+e

None of them 10.10 10.10 12.80 12.80 1 1 20.1 20.1 4.66 4.66 7.38 7.38 22.80 22.80

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1 solution

Tom Engelsman
Nov 25, 2016

One way to solve this problem is to take logs of both sides of the original equation to obtain x = l n x 4 x = lnx^4 . Now if one differentiates both sides with respect to x we now get 1 = 4 / x 1 = 4/x , which the logarithmic curve has a tangent line that's parallel to y = x y = x at x = 4 x = 4 . This tangent line is expressible as y l n 256 = x 4 y - ln256 = x - 4 , or y = x + ( l n 256 4 ) y = x + (ln256 - 4) which runs parallel and above y = x y = x .

Since the point ( x , y ) = ( 4 , l n 256 ) (x, y ) = (4, ln 256) lies above ( 4 , 4 ) (4, 4) , there exists two points ( a , a ) (a, a) and ( b , b ) (b, b) on the line y = x y = x which are intersection points with y = l n x 4 y = ln x^4 (by the Mean-Value Theorem). Since the logarithmic curve grows at a more slower rate than the linear function (i.e. 1 > 4 / x 1 > 4 /x for x = [ b , ) x = [b, \infty) , there are no more intersection points to be found.

Thus, n = 2 n = 2 and e 2 + e = 10.10 e^2 + e = 10.10 .

MOD: e^x = x^4 has 3 real solutions. n = 3.

E Koh - 4 months, 1 week ago

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