Find The Root Of The Answer

Algebra Level 3

x 2 4 x + 13 = 0 \large x^2-4x+13=0

If α \alpha and β \beta are roots of the equation above, find α 2 + 4 β + 13 \alpha^2+4\beta+13 .


The answer is 16.

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6 solutions

Since α \alpha is root of x 2 4 x + 13 = 0 x^2-4x+13=0 .

α 2 4 α + 13 = 0 \implies \alpha^2-4\alpha+13=0

α 2 = 4 α 13 \Rightarrow \alpha^2=\color{#20A900}{4\alpha-13}

We have to find:

α 2 4 α 13 + 4 β + 13 \implies \underbrace{\alpha^2}_{\color{#20A900}{4\alpha-13}}+4\beta+13

4 α 13 + 4 β + 13 \Rightarrow 4\alpha-13+4\beta+13

Using Vieta's Formula .

α + β = 4 \implies \color{#3D99F6}{\alpha+\beta}=4

4 ( α + β ) = 4 × 4 = 16 \Rightarrow 4(\color{#3D99F6}{\alpha+\beta})=4×4=\color{#BA33D6}{\boxed{16}}

From the equation we can find out that α + β = 4 \alpha + \beta = 4 and α β = 13 \alpha \cdot \beta = 13 , so we have: α 2 + 4 β + 13 = α 2 + ( α + β ) β + α β \alpha^2 +4\beta +13 = \alpha^2 +(\alpha + \beta)\beta + \alpha \cdot \beta = α 2 + 2 α β + β 2 = ( α + β ) 2 = 4 2 = 16 = \alpha^2 +2\alpha \cdot \beta + \beta^2 = (\alpha +\beta)^2 = 4^2=16

First, find the roots of the equation x 2 4 x + 13 = 0 x^{2} - 4x + 13 = 0 . In this problem, we can use the completing the square method.

x 2 4 x + 13 = 0 x^{2} - 4x + 13 = 0

x 2 4 x = 13 x^{2} - 4x = -13

x 2 4 x + ( 4 2 ) 2 = 13 + ( 4 2 ) 2 x^{2} - 4x + (\frac{4}{2})^{2} = -13 + (\frac{4}{2})^{2}

x 2 4 x + ( 2 1 ) 2 = 13 + ( 2 1 ) 2 x^{2} - 4x + (\frac{2}{1})^{2} = -13 + (\frac{2}{1})^{2}

x 2 4 x + ( 2 ) 2 = 13 + ( 2 ) 2 x^{2} - 4x + (2)^{2} = -13 + (2)^{2}

x 2 4 x + 4 = 13 + 4 x^{2} - 4x + 4 = -13 + 4

( x 2 ) 2 = 9 (x - 2)^{2} = -9

x 2 = ± i 9 x - 2 = \pm i\sqrt{9}

x = 2 ± 3 i x = 2\pm 3i

Then, set each of them equal to α \alpha and β \beta and substitute them to the expression α 2 + 4 β + 13 \alpha^{2} +4\beta + 13 . The order of which root is equal to each does not matter.

Case 1:

α = 2 + 3 i \alpha = 2 + 3i , β = 2 3 i \beta = 2 - 3i

( 2 + 3 i ) 2 + 4 ( 2 3 i ) + 13 (2 + 3i)^{2} +4(2 - 3i) + 13

4 + 12 i 9 + 8 12 i + 13 4+12i-9 +8-12i + 13

16 16

Case 2:

α = 2 3 i \alpha = 2 - 3i , β = 2 + 3 i \beta = 2 + 3i

( 2 3 i ) 2 + 4 ( 2 + 3 i ) + 13 (2 - 3i)^{2} +4(2 + 3i) + 13

4 12 i 9 + 8 + 12 i + 13 4-12i-9 +8+12i + 13

16 16

\therefore the answer is 16 \boxed{16} .

Viki Zeta
Sep 5, 2016

You can generalise this for any quadratic equation,

p ( x ) = x 2 ( α + β ) x + α β p(x)=x^2-(\alpha + \beta)x+\alpha \beta

α 2 + ( α + β ) β + α β = α 2 + α β + β 2 + α β = ( α + β ) 2 \alpha^2+(\alpha+\beta)\beta + \alpha\beta = \alpha^2 +\alpha\beta+\beta^2+\alpha\beta = (\alpha+\beta)^2

Here α + β = 4 \alpha+\beta=4 , so the answer is 4 2 = 16 4^2 = 16

And if you never have never heard of Vieta's formula (like i had, so i am some knowledge richer), the roots are 2 +/- 3i. If you do the math right you will find 16 as answer too. I must say Vieta's makes it faster :)

Yatin Khanna
Sep 2, 2016

From Vieta's Formula α + β = 4 \alpha + \beta = 4
Now, since α \alpha is root of the equation; therefore;
α 2 + 13 = 4 α \alpha ^2 + 13 = 4\alpha
Putting this in required equation; we get: 4 ( α + β ) 4(\alpha + \beta) = 4 ( 4 ) = 16 =4(4) = \boxed{16}


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