Find the value of a + b + c a+b+c

Algebra Level 3

We are told the roots of the polynomial x 4 + a x 2 + b x + c x^4 + ax^2 + bx + c include roots 2, 5 and -3.

Find the sum of constants a + b + c . a+b+c.


The answer is 79.

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3 solutions

Ethan Mandelez
Mar 31, 2021

Let P ( x ) = x 4 + a x 2 + b x + c P(x) = x^{4} + ax^{2} + bx + c . From the given information, we know that P ( 2 ) = 0 P(2) = 0 , P ( 5 ) = 0 P(5) = 0 and P ( 3 ) = 0 P(-3) = 0

Therefore we have the system of equations

16 + 4 a + 2 b + c = 0 16 + 4a + 2b + c = 0

625 + 25 a + 5 b + c = 0 625 + 25a + 5b + c = 0

81 + 9 a 3 b + c = 0 81 + 9a - 3b + c = 0

Solving simultaneously yields a = 27 a = -27 , b = 14 b = -14 and c = 120 c = 120 , and the value of a + b + c = 79 a + b + c = 79 .

Chris Lewis
Apr 1, 2021

Let f ( x ) = x 4 + a x 2 + b x + c f(x)=x^4+ax^2+bx+c . The sum of the roots is the coefficient of x 3 x^3 in this, so in this case it's zero; so the fourth root is 4 -4 .

So f ( x ) = ( x 5 ) ( x 2 ) ( x + 3 ) ( x + 4 ) f(x)=(x-5)(x-2)(x+3)(x+4) .

To find a + b + c a+b+c , note that f ( 1 ) = 1 + a + b + c = ( 1 5 ) ( 1 2 ) ( 1 + 3 ) ( 1 + 4 ) = 80 f(1)=1+a+b+c=(1-5)(1-2)(1+3)(1+4)=80 ; so a + b + c = 79 a+b+c=\boxed{79} .

Toby M
Apr 1, 2021

The sum of the roots is 0 0 , hence by Vieta 0 = 2 + 5 + 3 + r , r = 4 -0 = 2 + 5 + -3 + r, r = -4 .

Thus using Vieta again, a = 2 5 + 2 3 + 2 4 + 5 3 + 5 4 + 3 4 = 27 a = 2 \cdot 5 + 2 \cdot -3 + 2 \cdot -4 + 5 \cdot -3 + 5 \cdot -4 + -3 \cdot -4 = -27 , b = 2 5 3 + 2 5 4 + 2 3 4 + 5 3 4 b = 14 -b = 2 \cdot 5 \cdot -3 + 2 \cdot 5 \cdot -4 + 2 \cdot -3 \cdot -4 + 5 \cdot -3 \cdot -4 \Rightarrow b = -14 , and c = 2 5 3 4 = 120 c = 2 \cdot 5 \cdot -3 \cdot - 4 = 120 . Hence a + b + c = 27 + 14 + 120 = 79 a+b+c = -27 + -14 + 120 = 79 .

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