It is given that △ A B C is an equilateral triangle, A E = B F and ∠ C A F = 4 0 ∘ . What is the measure of ∠ B E F ?
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Let the side length of △ A B C be 1 and A E = B F = a . By sine rule, we have:
sin ∠ B A F B F sin 2 0 ∘ a ⟹ a ⟹ a = sin ∠ A F B A B = sin 1 0 0 ∘ 1 = sin 8 0 ∘ sin 2 0 ∘ = cos 1 0 ∘ 2 sin 1 0 ∘ cos 1 0 ∘ = 2 sin 1 0 ∘ Note that sin ( 1 8 0 ∘ − θ ) = sin θ And sin ( 9 0 ∘ − θ ) = cos θ Also sin ( 2 θ ) = 2 sin θ cos θ
By sine rule again,
A B sin ∠ A E B 1 sin ( 1 8 0 ∘ − x ) 1 sin x sin ( x − 2 0 ∘ ) sin x ⟹ x = A E sin ∠ A B E = a sin ( x − 2 0 ∘ ) = 2 sin 1 0 ∘ sin ( x − 2 0 ∘ ) = sin 1 0 ∘ 2 1 = sin ( 3 0 ∘ − 2 0 ∘ ) sin 3 0 ∘ = 3 0 ∘ Note that sin ( 1 8 0 ∘ − θ ) = sin θ a = 2 sin 1 0 ∘
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Beautiful!! Let A F ∩ ⊙ A B C = D and I be the incenter of Δ B C D . Clearly, we have Δ A E F ≅ Δ B I C ⇒ B I = B F ⟹ ∠ B I F = 8 0 ∘ ∴ x = 3 0 ∘