⌊ k ⌊ x ⌋ ⌋ + ⌊ ⌊ x ⌋ k ⌋ = { { x } k } + { k { x } } Equation above has no roots. How many k ∈ Z = 0 satisfy this condition?
Notations: ⌊ ⋅ ⌋ denotes the floor function and { ⋅ } denotes the fractional part function
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Sorry, i think i haven't understood: first of all, how do you prove thet the equation with frac(x) does always have solution, second doubt: when i was solving the problem i saw that the equation with the integer part can always be 1 as long as you choose x s.t. k/2<x<k, therefore i got confused by your answer
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(Second doubt) If k = ± 1 then x ∈ ( 0 . 5 ; 1 ) for k = 1 and x ∈ ( − 1 ; − 0 . 5 ) for k = − 1 . But then for k = 1 ⌊ x ⌋ = 0 and ⌊ ⌊ x ⌋ k ⌋ is undefined. For k = − 1 ⌊ x ⌋ = − 1 and ⌊ ⌊ x ⌋ k ⌋ + ⌊ k ⌊ x ⌋ ⌋ = ⌊ − 1 − 1 ⌋ + ⌊ − 1 − 1 ⌋ = ⌊ 1 ⌋ + ⌊ 1 ⌋ = 2 = 1 .
(First doubt) I haven't thought about how to prove the claim yet. There will be proof soon. In the meantime, check out the chart on the site: https://www.desmos.com/calculator/uzturi1sm7
Thank you so much!
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Left part of equation is integer always, then right part should be integer. Again, right part ∈ ( 0 ; 2 ) (Why don't equal 0 ? If sum of two fractional part function equal 0 , then both fractional part function should equal to 0 , but { k { x } } = 0 , because { x } = 0 ), then left part should ∈ ( 0 ; 2 ) . So, both part of equation should equal 1 : ⌊ k ⌊ x ⌋ ⌋ + ⌊ ⌊ x ⌋ k ⌋ = { { x } k } + { k { x } } ⇔ ⎩ ⎨ ⎧ ⌊ k ⌊ x ⌋ ⌋ + ⌊ ⌊ x ⌋ k ⌋ = 1 { { x } k } + { k { x } } = 1 Second equation of system has roots for any k ∈ Z . Consider first equation of the system. Let's consider function below. f ( x ) = ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ⌊ ⌊ x ⌋ k ⌋ + ⌊ k ⌊ x ⌋ ⌋ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ If we take ⌊ x ⌋ = k ± 1 (" + ", if k > 0 and " − ", if k < 0 ), then function reach minimum value. Convert function for ⌊ x ⌋ = k ± 1 : ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ⌊ k ± 1 k ⌋ + ⌊ k k ± 1 ⌋ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ = ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ ⌊ 1 ± k 1 ⌋ ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
If k = ± 1 then f min ( x ) = 1 , aslo first equation of system has roots. If k = ± 1 then f min ( x ) = 2 , aslo equation has no roots. So, answer is 2 !