Flux to Volume

Calculus Level 4

Consider a cube E E with sides labeled S 1 , S 2 , . . . , S 6 . S_1, S_2, ..., S_6. Orient each face with the inherited orientation from E E . Let F \mathbf{F} be a vector field such that E F d V \iiint_E \nabla \cdot \mathbf{F} \ dV is the volume of E E . Suppose the flux of F \mathbf{F} through side i i is ( 1 ) i i (-1)^i i . What is the edge length of the cube?

If your answer is of the form b a \sqrt[a]{b} , where a , b Z + a,b \in \mathbb{Z^+} , find a + b a+b .


The answer is 6.

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2 solutions

Steven Chase
Dec 19, 2017

According to the Divergence Theorem :

E ( F ) d V = S ( F n ) d S \int \int \int_E (\nabla \cdot \vec{F}) dV = \int \int_S (\vec{F} \cdot \vec{n}) dS

We are told that the left side is equal to the volume, and we are given an explicit way to evaluate the right side (the net flux):

L 3 = 1 + 2 3 + 4 5 + 6 = 3 L = 3 3 L^3 = -1 + 2 - 3 + 4 - 5 + 6 = 3 \\ \implies L = \sqrt[3]{3}

Beautiful!

Akeel Howell - 3 years, 5 months ago
Akeel Howell
Dec 19, 2017

We are given that E F d V \iiint_E \nabla \cdot \mathbf{F} \ dV is the volume of the cube E . E. For any region S \mathcal{S} in R 3 \mathbb{R}^3 , the volume of S \mathcal{S} can be written as S d V \iiint_{\mathcal{S}} dV . As such, we see that F = div F = 1 \nabla \cdot \mathbf{F} = \text{div} \ \mathbf{F} = 1 .

The net flux of F \mathbf{F} over E E is i flux S i \displaystyle \sum_i \text{flux } S_i . Since flux( F ) Volume ( E ) = div F \dfrac{\text{ flux(} \mathbf{F} \text{)} }{\text{Volume (} E \text{)}} = \text{div } \mathbf{F} , we see that the volume, V V , of the cube is flux F div F = i = 1 6 ( 1 ) i i F \displaystyle \dfrac{\text{flux } \mathbf{F}}{\text{div } \mathbf{F} } = \dfrac{\displaystyle \sum_{i=1}^6 (-1)^i i}{\nabla \cdot \mathbf{F}} .

Therefore V V is simply 1 + 2 3 + 4 5 + 6 1 = 3 \dfrac{-1+2-3+4-5+6}{1} = 3 . Thus, the edge length of the cube is 3 3 \sqrt[3]{3} , and therefore a + b = 6 a+b = \boxed{6} .

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