For Nihar and Kartik

Geometry Level 4

tan [ n = 1 arctan ( 1 2 n 2 ) ] = ? \displaystyle \tan \left [ \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \arctan \left ( \dfrac{1}{2n^{2}} \right ) \right ] = \ ?


Nihar, take this one as a warm up question (since this one's too easy), later on we'll have a rematch .
4 3 7 1 6 5 2 9

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1 solution

n = 1 arctan ( 1 2 n 2 ) = n = 1 arctan ( 2 4 n 2 + 1 1 ) = n = 1 arctan ( 2 1 + ( 2 n 2 1 ) ( 2 n 2 + 1 ) ) = n = 1 arctan ( 2 n + 1 ) arctan ( 2 n 1 ) \begin{aligned} \displaystyle \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \arctan \left ( \dfrac{1}{2n^{2}} \right ) \\= \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \arctan \left ( \dfrac{2}{4n^{2} +1 -1 } \right ) \\= \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \arctan \left ( \dfrac{2}{1 + (2n^{2}-1)(2n^{2}+1) } \right ) \\= \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \arctan (2n+1) - \arctan (2n-1) \end{aligned}

Now this is a Telescoping series which can be simplified to ,

arctan ( 2 n + 1 ) arctan 1 = arctan ( 2 n 1 + ( 2 n + 1 ) ( 1 ) ) \begin{aligned} \arctan (2n+1) - \arctan 1 \\ = \arctan \left ( \dfrac{2n}{1+(2n+1)(1)} \right ) \end{aligned}

Hence , the t a n tan value of which yields ,

lim n n n + 1 = 1 \lim_{n \rightarrow \infty} \dfrac{n}{n+1} = 1

@Nihar Mahajan See , I haven't used any Trigonometric Formulae besides the basic formulae for tan and arctan .

A Former Brilliant Member - 6 years, 2 months ago

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