Five digit numbers containing different digits are formed from the digits to . How many of these numbers have odd digits and even digits?
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Analysis 1 In forming a number, we must
(a) select a group of three odd digits from (1,3,5,7 and 9),
(b) select a group of two even digits from (2,4,6 and 8), and then
(c) form a permutation of the five digits selected in (a) and (b).
The number of ways of performing (a) is 5C3 or 10 ways and for (b) is 4C2 or 6 ways. For each way of performing (a) and (b) , the number of ways of performing (c) is 5! ways. Hence, by principle for successive events, the number of ways for performing (a), (b) and (c) is (10)(6)(5!) = 7 2 0 0
Analysis 2
There are 5 odd digits and 4 even digits form 1 to 9. We can choose any of the 5 odd digits for the first digit of the number. Then any of the 4 remaining odd digits for the second digit of the number and any of the 3 remaining odd digits for the third digit of the number. We can choose any of the 4 even digits for the fourth digit of the number. Then any of the 3 remaining even digits for the last digit of the number. Now, we must arrange the digits. This can be done in 5! ways, but since there are 3 odd and 2 even, we must divide 5! by 3!2!. So we have
5 ( 4 ) ( 3 ) ( 4 ) ( 3 ) 3 ! 2 ! 5 ! = 7 2 0 0 n u m b e r s