Fraction

Number Theory Level pending

Denote Y , X \overline{Y,X} as a decimal number by placing Y Y and X X as the fractional part and integer part of this decimal number, respectively. For example, if X = 301 , Y = 622 X = 301, Y = 622 , then Y , X = 622.301 \overline{Y,X} = 622.301 .

If x x and y y are coprime positive integers, find the maximum value of x + y x+y such that x y = y , x \dfrac xy = \overline{y,x} is satisfied.


The answer is 7.

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1 solution

Suppose x x has n n number of digits. Then: x y = y + x 1 0 n 1 0 n ( x y 2 ) = x y \dfrac{x}{y}=y+x*10^{-n}\Longleftrightarrow 10^n(x-y^2)=xy Since x x and y y are coprime, x x and x y 2 x-y^2 are coprime, and y y and x y 2 x-y^2 are coprime too. So x y 2 = 1 x-y^2=1 and 1 0 n = x y 10^n=xy . It's obvious that x > y > 1 x>y>1 , so x = 5 n x=5^n and y = 2 n y=2^n . From that 5 n 4 n = 1 ( 5 4 ) n = 1 + ( 1 4 ) n \begin{aligned} 5^n-4^n & = 1 \\ \ \\ \left (\dfrac{5}{4}\right )^n & = 1+\left (\dfrac{1}{4}\right )^n\end{aligned} If n = 1 n=1 , then the equation above is true. Since ( 5 4 ) n \left (\dfrac{5}{4}\right )^n is strictly monotonous growing, and 1 + ( 1 4 ) n 1+\left (\dfrac{1}{4} \right )^n is strictly monotonous decreasing, there aren't more solutions. From that x = 5 , y = 2 x=5, y=2 , answer = 5 + 2 = 7 \text{answer}=5+2=\boxed{7}

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