In the rectangle
A
B
C
D
below,
E
lies on
B
C
and
F
lies on
C
D
such that the area of 3 triangles
C
E
F
,
A
B
E
,
A
D
F
are 3, 4 and 5, respectively.
If
B
C
B
E
+
D
C
D
F
=
b
a
, where
a
and
b
are coprime positive integers, what is
a
+
b
?
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Let A B = x , A D = y , then the area of rectangle A B C D is x . y and x . y > 3 + 4 + 5 = 1 2 ( 1 )
We now can form the equations below according to the triangle area's formulas:
x ( y − C E ) = 8 = > C E = ( x y − 8 ) / x ( 2 )
y ( x − C F ) = 1 0 = > C F = ( x y − 1 0 ) / y ( 3 )
C E . C F = 6 ( 4 )
By substituting ( 2 ) and ( 3 ) into ( 4 ) we have ( x y − 8 ) ( x y − 1 0 ) / x y = 6
= > ( x y − 2 0 ) ( x y − 4 ) = 0 ( 5 )
( 1 ) and ( 5 ) give x y = 2 0 , or the area of rectangle A B C D is 2 0 , which leads to the area of C E F ( = 2 0 − 3 − 4 − 5 = 8 ) .
The ratio between A B E and A E C D now is equal to B E / ( A D + E C ) = 4 / ( 8 + 3 + 5 ) = 1 / 4 , so we have A D + E C = 4 . B E = > A D + B C = 5 . B E = > 2 . B C = 5 . B E = > B E / B C = 2 / 5 ( 6 )
The ratio between A D F and A B C F now is equal to D F / ( A B + F C ) = 5 / ( 8 + 3 + 4 ) = 1 / 3 , so we have A B + F C = 3 . D F = > A B + C D = 4 . D F = > 2 . C D = 4 . D F = > D F / D C = 1 / 2 ( 7 )
From ( 6 ) and ( 7 ) we have B E / B C + D F / D C = 2 / 5 + 1 / 2 = 9 / 1 0 .
Hence a + b = 9 + 1 0 = 1 9 .
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A B = D C = b B C = A D = a B E = x E C = a − x D F = y F C = b − y [ Δ A B E ] = 2 1 b x b x = 8 Similarly, a y = 1 0 ( a − x ) ( b − y ) = 6 a b − a y − b x + x y = 6 a b + x y − ( a y + b x ) = 6 a b + x y − ( 1 0 + 8 ) = 6 a b + x y = 2 4 1 B C B E + D C D F = a x + b y = a b b x + a y = a b 1 8 b x = 8 x = b 8 a y = 1 0 y = a 1 0 x y = a b 8 0 xy in eqn 1 a b + a b 8 0 = 2 4 ( a b ) 2 + 8 0 = 2 4 a b ( a b ) 2 − 2 4 a b + 8 0 = 0 ( a b − 2 0 ) ( a b − 4 ) = 0 a b = 2 0 , 4 a b = 2 0 ∴ B C B E + D C D F = 2 0 1 8 = 1 0 9 = b a ⟹ a + b = 1 9