Consider the circuit on the image with a voltage source . What is the effective voltage across the capacitor as the frequency of my voltage source goes to infinity?
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The resistor with the capacitor are a voltage divider. Let's call Z c the capacitor's impedance and R the resistor's impedance, we can calculate the voltage across the capacitor as
V o = V i ⋅ ( R + Z c Z c )
We can calculate Z c in function of the frequency as Z c = 2 π f C − j with j = − 1 . It's easy to see that the capacitor's impedance will go to infinity as the frequency goes to zero, which means that
lim Z c → ∞ ( R + Z c Z c ) = R 0 = 0 so V o = 0