Future War
There is an enemy ship diagonally opposite to your ship behind a planet.Enemy ship is located 2r distance from the centre of the planet of mass M and your ship is 3r distance from the centre of the planet.Concider gravitational field upto 2r from the centre of the planet as it will further nullify by other heavenly bodies.At what angle from the verticle and with what velocity you should project a missile to destroy enemy ship.
r is the radius of the planet .G is universal gravitational constant.
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The best way to hit would be to get the missile in the orbit having radius equal to the enemy's. To that we fire the missile along the tangent to space of radius 2R. To keep the missile moving in its orbit it should have a specific velocity.
The angle is clear by the diagram. And velocity can be calculated using the formula of centripetal acceleration