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The require function in question is f ( a , b , c , d ) = a d − b c . It cannot be one-to-one (or injective) by the example:
f ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ) = f ( − 1 , − 2 , − 3 , − 4 ) = − 2
There is no unique quadruple to yield one unique value of f . Also, it cannot be bijective because it's not injective. This leaves the function as onto (or surjective) AND many-to-one, which if we expand on the above example:
f ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ) = f ( − 1 , − 2 , − 3 , − 4 ) = − 2 AND f ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ) = f ( 1 , 2 , 6 , 1 0 ) = − 2 .
there are many quadruples that will yield the entire range of integers Z , as well as yield the same value of f ⇒ choice B is correct.